Activation and dramatically increased cytolytic activity of tumor specific T lymphocytes after radio-frequency ablation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal liver metastases.

Abstract

AIM:

To assess if a specific cytotoxic T cell response can be induced in patients with malignant liver tumors treated with radio-frequency ablation (RFA).

METHODS:

Six Patients with liver metastases of colorectal cancer and 6 with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) underwent RFA. Blood was sampled before, 4 and 8 wk after RFA. Test antigens were autologous liver and tumor lysate obtained from each patient by biopsy. Peripheral T cell activation was assessed by an interferon gamma (IFNgamma) secretion assay and flow cytometry. T cells were double-stained for CD4/CD8 and IFNgamma to detect cytotoxic T cells. The ratio of IFNgamma positive and IFNgamma negative T cells was determined as the stimulation index (SI). To assess cytolytic activity, T cells were co-incubated with human CaCo colorectal cancer and HepG2 HCC cells and release of cytosolic adenylate kinase was measured by a luciferase assay.

RESULTS:

Before RFA SI was 0.021 (+/- 0.006) for CD4(+) and 0.022 (+/- 0.004) for CD8(+) T cells against nonmalignant liver tissue and 0.018 (+/- 0.005) for CD4(+) and 0.021 (+/- 0.004) for CD8(+) cells against autologous tumor tissue. Four weeks after RFA SI against tumor tissue increased to 0.109 (+/- 0.005) for CD4(+) and 0.11 (+/- 0.012) for CD8(+) T cells against HCC, and to 0.115 (+/- 0.031) for CD4(+) and 0.15 (+/- 0.02) for CD8(+) cells for colorectal metastases (P < 0.0001). No increased SI was observed with nonmalignant tumor tissue at all time points. Before RFA cytolytic activity against the respective cancer cells was low with 2.62 (+/- 0.37) relative luminescence units (RLU), but rose more than 100 fold 4 and 8 wk after RFA. Spontaneous release was < 2% of maximum release in all experiments.

CONCLUSION:

Patients with primary and secondary tumors of the liver show a significant tumor-specific cytotoxic T-cell stimulation with a dramatically increased tumor specific cytolytic activity of CD8(+) T cells after RFA.

• Authors: Johannes Hansler, Thaddaus-Till Wissniowski, Detlef Schuppan, Astrid Witte, Thomas Bernatik, Eckhart-Georg Hahn, Deike Strobel
• Journal: World journal of gastroenterology (World J Gastroenterol) Vol. 12 Issue 23 Pg. 3716-21 (Jun 21 2006) ISSN: 1007-9327 [Print] United States
• PMID: 16773688 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Interferon-gamma
• Adenylate Kinase

Topics

• Adenylate Kinase (analysis)
• Aged
• Aged, 80 and over
• CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes (chemistry, physiology)
• CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes (chemistry, physiology)
• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular (immunology, surgery)
• Catheter Ablation
• Coculture Techniques
• Colorectal Neoplasms (pathology, surgery)
• Female
• Humans
• Interferon-gamma (analysis, physiology)
• Liver Neoplasms (immunology, secondary, surgery)
• Lymphocyte Activation (physiology)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Necrosis (pathology)
• Neoplasm Metastasis (pathology, physiopathology)
• Tumor Cells, Cultured