Intranasal administration of a proteosome-influenza vaccine is well-tolerated and induces serum and nasal secretion influenza antibodies in healthy human subjects.

Abstract	Two randomized, blinded, active comparator-controlled trials of a prototype monovalent A/Beijing/262/95 (H1N1) - proteosome vaccine delivered by intranasal spray were performed in healthy adults. Overall, the intranasal proteosome-adjuvanted vaccine was well-tolerated with only mild stuffy nose and rhinorrhea seen more frequently in recipients of vaccine than in recipients of intranasal saline, and there were no serious adverse events. The intranasal proteosome-adjuvanted vaccine induced serum hemagglutination inhibiting (HAI) and nasal secretory IgA (sIgA) responses specific for the influenza antigen. Serum HAI responses were most influenced by the dosage level, whereas mucosal sIgA responses, although demonstrable with both single-dose and two-dose vaccine regimens, appeared to be greater in response to two-dose regimens (regardless of dose level). Further evaluation of mucosal influenza immunization using the proteosome adjuvant/delivery system is clearly warranted.
Authors	John Treanor, Carrie Nolan, Diane O'Brien, David Burt, George Lowell, Janine Linden, Louis Fries
Journal	Vaccine (Vaccine) Vol. 24 Issue 3 Pg. 254-62 (Jan 16 2006) ISSN: 0264-410X [Print] Netherlands
PMID	16129526 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial)
Chemical References	Adjuvants, Immunologic Antibodies, Viral Immunoglobulin A Influenza Vaccines Vaccines, Synthetic Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex
Topics	Adjuvants, Immunologic Administration, Intranasal Adolescent Adult Antibodies, Viral (analysis, biosynthesis) Double-Blind Method Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Female Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests Humans Immunity, Mucosal (immunology) Immunoglobulin A (analysis, biosynthesis) Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype (immunology) Influenza Vaccines (administration & dosage, adverse effects, immunology) Male Middle Aged Nasal Mucosa (immunology) Neisseria meningitidis (immunology) Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex (immunology) Vaccination Vaccines, Synthetic (administration & dosage, adverse effects, immunology)

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