Dietary calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D, dairy products and the risk of colorectal adenoma and cancer among French women of the E3N-EPIC prospective study.

Abstract

A protective effect of calcium and/or dairy products on colorectal cancer has been reported in epidemiological studies but the findings are considered inconsistent. In particular, it is unclear whether they act at a particular step of the adenoma-carcinoma sequence. To investigate the effect of dairy product consumption and dietary calcium, vitamin D and phosphorus intake on the adenoma-carcinoma sequence in the French E3N-EPIC prospective study. The population for the study of risk factors for adenomas was composed of 516 adenoma cases, including 175 high-risk adenomas, and of 4,804 polyp-free subjects confirmed by colonoscopy. The population for the colorectal cancer study was composed of 172 cases and 67,312 cancer-free subjects. Diet was assessed using a self-administered questionnaire completed at baseline. There was a trend of decreasing risk of both adenoma (ptrend=0.04) and cancer (ptrend=0.08) with increasing calcium intake, with RRs for adenoma and cancer of 0.80 (IC 95%=0.62-1.03) and 0.72 (95% CI=0.47-1.10), respectively, in the fourth quartile compared to the first. A protective effect of dairy products on adenoma (RRQ4 vs. Q1=0.80, 95% CI=0.62-1.05, ptrend=0.04) was observed and of milk consumption on colorectal cancer (RRQ4vs. Q1=0.54, 95% CI=0.33-0.89, ptrend=0.09), although the latter did not reach significance. Phosphorus intake also decreased the risk of adenoma (RRQ4 vs. Q1=0.70, 95% CI=0.54-0.90, ptrend=0.005). No vitamin D effect was identified. Our data support the hypothesis that calcium, dairy products and phosphorus exert a protective effect at certain steps of the adenoma-carcinoma sequence.

• Authors: Emmanuelle Kesse, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Teresa Norat, Elio Riboli, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, E3N Group
• Journal: International journal of cancer (Int J Cancer) Vol. 117 Issue 1 Pg. 137-44 (Oct 20 2005) ISSN: 0020-7136 [Print] United States
• PMID: 15880532 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright (c) 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Chemical References

• Calcium, Dietary
• Phosphorus, Dietary
• Vitamin D

Topics

• Adenoma (epidemiology, prevention & control)
• Aged
• Calcium, Dietary (administration & dosage)
• Case-Control Studies
• Colorectal Neoplasms (epidemiology, prevention & control)
• Dairy Products
• Female
• France (epidemiology)
• Humans
• Middle Aged
• Phosphorus, Dietary (administration & dosage)
• Prospective Studies
• Risk Factors
• Vitamin D (administration & dosage)