TOOKAD (WST09) is a new, long-wavelength
palladium bacteriopheophorbide photosensitizer that targets tissue vasculature. The cutaneous
phototoxicity of
TOOKAD was assessed in normal rat and pig animal models and in patients in a Phase-I trial of
TOOKAD-mediated
photodynamic therapy (
PDT) for recurrent
prostate cancer. Controlled skin exposures were administered using solar-simulated light at various times after
drug administration. Two different spectral ranges were used. In the first, the UV portion of the spectrum was removed (UV(-)) because UV irradiation in nondrugged control animals produced an
erythema response at incident energy densities (J/cm(2)) lower than those required to induce a
PDT response. In the second, the full solar spectrum (UV(+)) was used, and the potentiation by the
photosensitizer of the UV-mediated minimum
erythema dose was assessed. Results showed that the
PDT skin response was negligible at clinical
drug doses of 2 mg/kg for any period after administration at light doses of 128 J/cm(2) in the animal models. In patients, there was no observed UV(-) skin response at doses of up to 2 mg/kg,
drug-light intervals of 1-3 h or greater and light exposures up to 128 J/cm(2). At higher
drug doses in the rat and pig models, the duration of skin
phototoxicity was found to be approximately 3 h and less than 1 h, respectively. Using the full spectrum of solar-simulated light, the presence of
TOOKAD did not measurably enhance the UV(+)-induced
erythema in the rats, pigs or patients.