Immune responses and antibody decay after immunization of adolescents and adults with an acellular pertussis vaccine: the APERT Study.

Abstract

As part of a prospective acellular pertussis (ACP) vaccine efficacy trial, 5 serum samples were obtained, over an 18-month period, from 101 ACP-vaccine recipients and 99 control subjects, to assess ACP antibody response and decay. Immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgA antibodies to pertussis toxin (PT), filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), pertactin (PRN), and fimbriae 2/3 (FIM) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay, and titers of agglutinin were determined. Of the subjects, 16%-19% had preimmunization values of antibodies to PT that were above the assay's limit of quantitation (LOQ); in contrast, 36%-63% of the subjects had preimmunization values of antibodies to FHA, PRN, or FIM that were above the LOQ. Substantial increases in titers of IgG and IgA antibodies to the 3 ACP antigens (PT, FHA, and PRN) were observed. Over the 18-months, the percent decay in IgG and IgA antibodies ranged from 56% to 73% and from 57% to 70%, respectively; the IgG antibody response and decay suggests that geometric mean titers likely remain above the LOQ for 2-9 years and above the threshold of detection for 4-13 years. These findings support the use of ACP booster immunizations for adolescents and adults, to provide sustained levels of antibody.

• Authors: Thuan Le, James D Cherry, Swei-Ju Chang, Maria Deloria Knoll, Martin L Lee, Steve Barenkamp, David Bernstein, Robert Edelman, Kathryn M Edwards, David Greenberg, Wendy Keitel, John Treanor, Joel I Ward, APERT Study
• Journal: The Journal of infectious diseases (J Infect Dis) Vol. 190 Issue 3 Pg. 535-44 (Aug 01 2004) ISSN: 0022-1899 [Print] United States
• PMID: 15243929 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)

Chemical References

• Antibodies, Bacterial
• Antigens, Bacterial
• Immunoglobulin A
• Immunoglobulin M
• Pertussis Vaccine

Topics

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Aged
• Antibodies, Bacterial (blood)
• Antigens, Bacterial (immunology)
• Bordetella pertussis (immunology)
• Double-Blind Method
• Female
• Humans
• Immunoglobulin A (blood)
• Immunoglobulin M (blood)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Pertussis Vaccine (administration & dosage, immunology)
• Prospective Studies
• Time Factors
• Vaccination
• Whooping Cough (immunology, prevention & control)