Red wine polyphenolic compounds inhibit atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice independently of effects on lipid peroxidation.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Lipid peroxidation is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Fatty acid peroxidation products such as hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids and F(2)-isoprostanes have been found in advanced human atherosclerotic plaques. However, little is known about the formation of these products during lesion development.

OBJECTIVE:

This study examined stable biomarkers of lipid oxidative damage in relation to atherosclerotic disease progression in apolipoprotein E-deficient (Apoe(-/-)) mice and retardation of the disease by red wine polyphenols.

DESIGN:

One hundred male Apoe(-/-) mice and 50 male control (C57BL/6J) mice were given a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet for 20 wk. To examine the effect of the polyphenolic compounds on lesion development, 50 of the Apoe(-/-) mice were also given dealcoholized red wine for the duration of the study.

RESULTS:

Aortic lipid deposition was significantly greater in the Apoe(-/-) mice than in the control mice (P < 0.01). Plasma and aortic F(2)-isoprostanes did not differ between the treatment groups. Plasma concentrations of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, which has been implicated in the development of atherosclerosis, were significantly higher in the Apoe(-/-) mice than in the control mice up to 16 wk (P < 0.05). Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid concentrations increased significantly over time in all groups (P < 0.05). Red wine polyphenols had no effect on markers of lipid peroxidation or monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 concentrations, but lipid deposition in the aorta at age 26 wk was significantly less in the mice given red wine than in those not given red wine.

CONCLUSION:

These results suggest that lipid deposition is independent of lipid oxidation and that the protective action of red wine polyphenols is independent of any antioxidant action of these compounds.

• Authors: Emma Waddington, Ian B Puddey, Kevin D Croft
• Journal: The American journal of clinical nutrition (Am J Clin Nutr) Vol. 79 Issue 1 Pg. 54-61 (Jan 2004) ISSN: 0002-9165 [Print] United States
• PMID: 14684397 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Apolipoproteins E
• Chemokine CCL2
• Flavonoids
• Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids
• Phenols
• Polyphenols
• Cholesterol

Topics

• Animals
• Apolipoproteins E (deficiency)
• Arteriosclerosis (prevention & control)
• Chemokine CCL2 (blood)
• Cholesterol (blood)
• Flavonoids (therapeutic use)
• Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids (metabolism)
• Lipid Peroxidation (drug effects)
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred C57BL
• Muscle, Smooth, Vascular (drug effects, metabolism)
• Phenols (therapeutic use)
• Polyphenols
• Rats
• Wine