Abstract | PURPOSE: PATIENTS AND METHODS: We performed class I ( HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-C) serotyping on patients enrolled onto Southwest Oncology Group Trial 9035, a randomized, observation-controlled, phase III trial of adjuvant Melacine. All patients had clinically node-negative cutaneous melanoma (1.5 to 4.0 mm). Interactions between treatment and class I antigen expression were tested. Analyses involved all serotyped patients and were adjusted for tumor thickness, method of nodal staging, sex, ulceration, and primary tumor site. RESULTS: HLA typing was performed on 553 (80%) of the 689 enrolled patients (294 vaccinated and 259 observed). Expression of > or = two M5 antigens was associated with a superior vaccine treatment effect. Among patients who matched > or = two of the M5, the 97 vaccine-treated patients had improved RFS compared with the 78 observation patients (5-year relapse-free survival, 83% v 59%; P =.0002). The major components of this effect were contributed by HLA-A2 and HLA-C3. Among those who were HLA-A2-positive and/or HLA-C3-positive, the 5-year RFS for vaccinated patients was 77%, compared with 64% for observation (P =.004). There was no impact of HLA-A2 and/or HLA-C3 expression among observation patients. CONCLUSION: This prospective analysis indicates a highly significant benefit of adjuvant therapy with Melacine among patients expressing > or = two of the M5 class I antigens, validating a prior observation in stage IV disease. HLA-A2 and HLA-C3 contributed most to this effect. Processed melanoma peptides found in Melacine may be presented by HLA-A2 and HLA-C3 and play a role in preventing relapse in vaccinated patients.
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Authors | Jeffrey A Sosman, Joseph M Unger, P-Y Liu, Lawrence E Flaherty, Min S Park, Raymond A Kempf, John A Thompson, Paul I Terasaki, Vernon K Sondak, Southwest Oncology Group |
Journal | Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology
(J Clin Oncol)
Vol. 20
Issue 8
Pg. 2067-75
(Apr 15 2002)
ISSN: 0732-183X [Print] United States |
PMID | 11956267
(Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)
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Chemical References |
- Adjuvants, Immunologic
- Cancer Vaccines
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I
- Melacine
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Topics |
- Adjuvants, Immunologic
(therapeutic use)
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Cancer Vaccines
(immunology, therapeutic use)
- Disease-Free Survival
- Female
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I
(metabolism)
- Humans
- Male
- Melanoma
(immunology, pathology, surgery, therapy)
- Middle Aged
- Prospective Studies
- Skin Neoplasms
(immunology, pathology, surgery, therapy)
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