Scorpion Stings

The effects, both local and systemic, caused by the bite of SCORPIONS.

Also Known As:

Scorpionism; Envenoming, Scorpion; Envenomings, Scorpion; Scorpion Envenomation; Scorpion Envenomations; Scorpion Envenomings; Scorpion Sting; Scorpionisms; Sting, Scorpion; Stings, Scorpion; Envenomation, Scorpion; Scorpion Envenoming

Networked: 415 relevant articles (37 outcomes, 45 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Scorpion Stings
2.	Pain (Aches)
3.	Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)
4.	Cardiotoxicity
5.	Hypotension (Low Blood Pressure)

Experts

1.	Laraba-Djebari, Fatima: 16 articles (01/2021 - 04/2004)
2.	Possani, Lourival D: 10 articles (03/2022 - 06/2003)
3.	Bahloul, Mabrouk: 10 articles (07/2020 - 11/2002)
4.	Bouaziz, Mounir: 10 articles (07/2020 - 11/2002)
5.	Abroug, Fekri: 9 articles (01/2020 - 12/2003)
6.	Bouhaouala-Zahar, Balkiss: 9 articles (01/2018 - 12/2003)
7.	El Ayeb, Mohamed: 9 articles (06/2013 - 12/2003)
8.	Shahbazzadeh, Delavar: 8 articles (08/2020 - 06/2013)
9.	Chelly, Hedi: 8 articles (07/2020 - 11/2002)
10.	Kallel, Hatem: 7 articles (10/2021 - 11/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Scorpion Stings:

1.	Antivenins (Antivenoms)IBA 01/01/1998 - "The advance in supportive care and antivenom efficacy has markedly improved the outcome of patients with scorpion envenomation." 05/14/2009 - "In a randomized, double-blind study, the efficacy of scorpion-specific F(ab')(2) antivenom, as compared with placebo, was assessed in 15 children 6 months to 18 years of age who were admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit with clinically significant signs of scorpion envenomation. " 04/01/2016 - "Nowadays, antivenom derived from hyper immune horses is the only effective treatment for sever scorpion stings. " 09/01/2016 - "These scFvs are potential candidates to be part of a novel recombinant antivenom of human origin that could confer protection against scorpion stings. " 01/01/2018 - "Efficacy of Scorpion Antivenom in Grade III and IV Scorpion Envenomation."
2.	Prazosin (Minipress)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/2022 - "This case raised our interest due to cardiovascular manifestations in the patient and the early treatment with prazosin for the scorpion sting. " 01/01/2021 - "Echocardiographic Evaluation of the Response to Prazosin Treatment in Scorpion Sting." 11/01/2016 - "Prazosin hydrochloride was administered in the dose of 30μ/kg as his symptoms mimicked the autonomic storm which is typically seen with scorpion sting envenomation. " 05/27/2013 - "We report a case of a 65-year-old woman who presented with severe scorpion sting and was treated with prazosin. " 07/01/2012 - "Prazosin, scorpion sting and dr. Bawaskar."
3.	Scorpion Venoms (Scorpion Venom)IBA 12/01/2003 - "While simultaneous administration of SAV and scorpion venom is effective in preventing scorpion envenomation-related manifestations, delayed administration of SAV, either at standard or elevated dosages, failed to alter any of the scorpion envenomation features." 04/01/2006 - "Efficacy of species specific anti-scorpion venom serum (AScVS) against severe, serious scorpion stings (Mesobuthus tamulus concanesis Pocock)--an experience from rural hospital in western Maharashtra." 10/21/2022 - "French Scorpionism (Mainland and Oversea Territories): Narrative Review of Scorpion Species, Scorpion Venom, and Envenoming Management." 07/31/2020 - "Despite scorpion stings posing a significant public health issue in particular regions of the world, certain aspects of scorpion venom chemistry remain poorly described. " 07/01/2018 - "Scorpionism is the clinical picture resulting from the inoculation of scorpion venom. "
4.	Lidocaine (Xylocaine)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/2015 - "Topical lidocaine is an effective and safe treatment in scorpion sting associated with pain in patients with nonsystemic signs and symptoms." 05/01/2023 - "Scorpion sting can occur at any time in the tropic and lidocaine only cannot alleviate pain. " 01/01/2012 - "In this case reported here, lidocaine failed to provide sustained analgesia for pain relief following scorpion sting. " 02/01/2002 - "These results suggest that magnesium and lidocaine, particularly magnesium, may be useful in the treatment of the arrhythmias, hypertension, and other disorders associated with Buthinae scorpion envenomation." 06/01/2023 - "A Randomized Trial Comparing Intravenous Paracetamol, Topical Lidocaine, and Ice Application for Treatment of Pain Associated with Scorpion Stings: Some Concerns."
5.	Dobutamine FDA LinkGeneric 07/30/2020 - "Our study confirms that cardiac dysfunction following scorpion envenomation in Tunisia improved well and safely under dobutamine infusion. " 07/30/2020 - "Dobutamine in the treatment of severe scorpion envenoming." 07/01/2015 - "Should dobutamine be used in severe scorpion envenomation." 07/01/2015 - "Dobutamine effectively improves hemodynamic parameters and may reduce mortality in severe scorpion envenomation. " 09/01/1999 - "In severe scorpion envenomation, dobutamine infusion improves impaired heart function. "
6.	VenomsIBA 04/20/2012 - "Diabody mixture providing full protection against experimental scorpion envenoming with crude Androctonus australis venom." 01/01/2017 - "Due to the medical and health importance of scorpionism, the focus of various studies has been on the identification of H. lepturus venom components. " 09/15/2015 - "Study of severe scorpion envenoming following subcutaneous venom injection into dogs: Hemodynamic and concentration/effect analysis." 10/15/2012 - "In conjunction, in this preclinical study, we provide proof of concept that NbF12-10 prevents effectively the fatal disturbances induced by Androctonus venom, and that the Nanobody based therapeutic has a potential to substitute the classic Fab'(2) based product as immunotherapeutic in scorpion envenoming. " 06/01/2023 - "Treatment and prevention of scorpion stings in Iran and neighboring countries in the Middle East should be planned based on the mechanism of toxicity and the presence of toxic classes with neurotoxic or cytotoxic venoms."
7.	AntibodiesIBA 12/01/2005 - "[Recombinant antibodies: a new application in scorpion envenomation?]." 10/01/2001 - "Antibodies raised against the critical toxic components have the potential to block the toxic effects and reduce the pain associated with the scorpion envenomation. " 01/01/2021 - "Together, pre-existing protective antibodies and the activation of memory B-cells could induce a rapid neutralization of scorpion toxins and long-term protection against scorpion envenomation." 01/01/1993 - "With the aim of developing active protection against the noxious effects provoked in humans by scorpion stings, the possibility of eliciting toxin reactive antibodies by immunization with a short peptide was assessed in mice. " 01/01/2008 - "Identification of shared epitopes with TsVII, at least for some species, may lead to the design of antibodies based on common epitopes for treating scorpion envenoming in Venezuela and Brazil."
8.	Acetaminophen (Paracetamol)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/2023 - "A Randomized Trial Comparing Intravenous Paracetamol, Topical Lidocaine, and Ice Application for Treatment of Pain Associated with Scorpion Stings: Some Concerns." 12/01/2022 - "Comparison of Intravenous Paracetamol, Dexketoprofen Trometamol, or Topical Lidocaine Use for Pain Relief in Scorpion Stings: A Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Study." 06/01/2015 - "A randomized trial comparing intravenous paracetamol, topical lidocaine, and ice application for treatment of pain associated with scorpion stings." 12/01/2022 - "Adult patients who presented with the complaint of pain after a scorpion sting and did not have systemic findings were randomly assigned to 1 of the following 4 groups: IV paracetamol, IV dexketoprofen trometamol, topical lidocaine, and placebo. " 12/01/2022 - "Our study sought to compare the analgesic efficacy of IV paracetamol, IV dexketoprofen trometamol, topical lidocaine, and placebo in patients reporting pain after presenting with a history of scorpion sting. "
9.	Insulin (Novolin)FDA Link 10/01/2015 - "However, insulin levels were significantly decreased in severe cases of scorpionism compared with mild ones. " 12/01/2004 - "Insulin-like effects of Bauhinia forficata aqueous extract upon Tityus serrulatus scorpion envenoming." 09/01/1994 - "Scorpion envenoming and the role of insulin." 02/01/1994 - "Role of insulin in non-cardiac pulmonary oedema in scorpion stings." 02/01/1994 - "Scorpion stings and role of insulin."
10.	Hydrocortisone (Cortisol)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/2013 - "Severe scorpion envenomation among children: does hydrocortisone improve outcome? " 01/01/1999 - "Both groups were similar with respect to clinical severity (36 patients were graded II in each group), age, sex, time-lapse between scorpion sting and ED arrival, and the administration of adjunctive therapy such as hydrocortisone. " 01/01/1999 - "Among 600 stung patients who participated in a study on the efficacy of high-dose hydrocortisone after scorpion sting, 135 (cases) had been treated with 10 to 20 mL intravenous scorpion antivenin (neutralizing 10 LD50 venom/mL). " 03/01/1983 - "In eight patients (six males and two females) hospitalized for prolonged coma (164-1320 days; five patients were in traumatic coma, two after cardiac arrest during surgery, and one after a venomous scorpion sting), diurnal variation of cortisol secretion, human (L) GH, PRL, TSH secretion as well as the release of the pituitary hormones after TRH and L-dopa stimulation were assessed. " 04/01/2013 - "Scorpion envenoming syndrome results in a severe autonomic storm with a massive release of catecholamines, increased levels of angiotensin II, an increase in glucagon, cortisol, thyroid hormones; either suppressed insulin levels or hyperinsulinaemia (insulin resistance), hyperglycaemia; increased circulating free fatty acid levels. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 05/01/2020 - "This study provided encouraging and promising results for the development of preventive therapies against scorpion envenoming mainly for the populations at-risk." 04/01/2006 - "AScVS is effective and safe method of therapy in severe scorpion envenoming syndrome." 01/01/2020 - "A supportive therapy that inhibits NO production, combined with antiserum, may help to prevent fatal outcomes of scorpion envenomation. " 04/06/2023 - "However, these therapies also possess some limitations, necessitating urgent exploration of ethnomedicines, mainly traditional medicinal plants, to treat scorpion stings. " 03/01/2023 - "In the absence of a specific treatment, the management of scorpion envenomation is based only on symptomatic therapy. We noted a widely use of traditional remedies. "
2.	Immunotherapy 01/01/2018 - "Immunotherapy is the only effective treatment for scorpion stings. " 10/01/2008 - "Immunotherapy is the only effective treatment for scorpion stings. " 06/01/2009 - "The efficacy of specific treatment for scorpion envenomation, i.e., immunotherapy, remains controversial." 07/01/2023 - "They are the focus of interest of the most recent studies and are proposed as potentially new generation of pharmaceuticals for their use in immunotherapy against scorpion stings of the Buthidae family. " 11/01/2011 - "Meta-analysis of controlled studies on immunotherapy in severe scorpion envenomation: a commentary."
3.	Positive-Pressure Respiration (Positive End-Expiratory Pressure) 03/01/2008 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation through a new interface helmet in the treatment of cardiogenic pulmonary oedema due to scorpion sting envenomation in children. "
4.	Conservative Treatment 09/01/2019 - "Our study exposed factors associated with moderate presentations of scorpion envenomation and proposes the option of conservative treatment for affected adults."
5.	Traditional Medicine (Folk Remedies) 12/01/2014 - "The incidence of scorpion envenomation is not negligible despite underreporting of cases, most often treated in traditional medicine. " 08/01/2010 - "(Aristolochiaceae) has been used to treat scorpion envenoming in Mexican traditional medicine. " 04/01/2015 - "New attitude towards scorpion sting with regard to traditional medicine resources can enhance control and prevention of scorpion stings. " 07/10/2007 - "africana, which is widespread in Africa, is used in traditional medicine to stop bleeding from wounds, clean the surfaces of sores, in the treatment of rheumatic pains, bee and scorpion stings and for removal of opacities and foreign bodies from the eyes. " 07/01/2019 - "Athyrium species are being used in traditional medicine worldwide to treat various ailments such as cough, rheumatic pain, scorpion stings, sores, burns and scalds, intestinal fever, pain, specifically breast pain during child birth, to increase milk flow, as an antiparasitic, anthelmintic, and carminative. "