Cocaine detoxification by human plasma butyrylcholinesterase.

Abstract

The ability of human plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) to detoxify cocaine in vivo was evaluated. Intravenous administration of BChE, at doses sufficient to increase the plasma levels of the enzyme as much as 800-fold, produced no adverse effects on the cardiovascular, autonomic, or central nervous systems of rats. Most of the enzyme could be recovered in the plasma immediately after administration and remained active with a beta-t(1/2) of 21.6 +/- 2.4 hr. Pretreatment of chloralose-urethane anesthetized rats with BChE, 0.1-7.8 mg/kg, decreased the hypertensive and arrhythmogenic effects produced by cocaine and increased the lethal dose of cocaine by three- to fourfold. Treatment of conscious rats with 1 and 10 mg/kg BChE decreased the incidence of seizures and deaths produced by a prior dose of cocaine (80 mg/kg, i.p.). These results suggest that BChE would provide a safe and highly efficacious treatment for cocaine intoxication.

• Authors: T J Lynch, C E Mattes, A Singh, R M Bradley, R O Brady, K L Dretchen
• Journal: Toxicology and applied pharmacology (Toxicol Appl Pharmacol) Vol. 145 Issue 2 Pg. 363-71 (Aug 1997) ISSN: 0041-008X [Print] United States
• PMID: 9266810 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)

Chemical References

• Butyrylcholinesterase
• Cocaine

Topics

• Animals
• Butyrylcholinesterase (administration & dosage, blood, therapeutic use)
• Cocaine (antagonists & inhibitors, pharmacokinetics, toxicity)
• Humans
• Inactivation, Metabolic
• Injections, Intravenous
• Male
• Rats
• Rats, Sprague-Dawley
• Seizures (drug therapy, prevention & control)