The safety and immunogenicity of inactivated
hepatitis A vaccine was evaluated in patients with chronic
liver disease. Sixty hepatitis A virus antibody (
anti-HAV) seronegative patients with chronic
liver disease (56
chronic hepatitis B and four
chronic hepatitis C) and from 17 to 47 years of age received a dose of 1440 ELISA units of the inactivated
hepatitis A vaccine at month 0, and a booster at month 6.
Anti-HAV seroconversion (> or = 33 mIU/mL) was 57.6% (34/59) on day 15, and reached 93.2% (55/59) 1 month after primary vaccination. At month 6, the seropositivity of
anti-HAV decreased before the booster to 69.0% (40/58). All vaccinees had measurable titers of
anti-HAV 1 month after booster vaccination, and were still seropositive at month 12. After initial vaccination, the geometric mean titers of
anti-HAV among
vaccine responders were 158, 264, 74, 1309, and 409 mIU/ml at day 15 and months 1, 6, 7, and 12. Overall, 59.7% (71/119) of the
vaccine doses administered were followed by mostly minor reactions. The majority of symptoms reported were local, all of which resolved within 3 days after vaccination. No significant changes in serum liver
enzyme levels were detected after vaccination. Thus, an inactivated
hepatitis A vaccine was safe in patients with chronic
liver disease while the immune response was inferior to that observed in healthy subjects reported in a previous study.