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Pharmacokinetics of iodine-123-IMBA for melanoma imaging.

AbstractUNLABELLED:
The development of an effective radiopharmaceutical with affinity for malignant melanoma has been a research goal for some time. The early detection of melanoma metastases would greatly improve the therapy outcome for this disease. This article describes the synthesis of radioiodinated IMBA, N-(2-diethylaminoethyl)-3-[123I/131I]iodo-4-methoxybenzamide 8, its organ distribution, its comparison with BZA and other benzamides, and demonstrates the scintigraphic efficacy of the title compound with three melanoma patients.
METHODS:
The syntheses and radioiodination of eight benzamide derivatives are described. After intravenous injection into C57B16-mice subcutaneously transplanted with B16 melanoma, the organ distribution of the respective benzamides were investigated at 1 and 6 hr. n-octanol/phosphate buffer partition coefficients. The wholebody retention, erythrocyte and serum protein bound fractions of radioiodinated benzamides were measured.
RESULTS:
While structural changes in the amide substituents of N-(2-dialkylaminoalkyl)-4-iodobenzamides 2-7 resulted in no improvement in organ distribution compared with BZA, the 3-iodo-4-methoxyphenyl form of IMBA showed high melanoma uptake with significantly higher melanoma/nontarget tissue ratios. Compared with BZA the average ratio improved after 1 hr by a factor of eight and was still four times better after 6 hr. BZA and IMBA exhibit almost identical n-octanol/ phosphate buffer partition coefficients, however, IMBA has a faster urinary excretion facilitated by a lower affinity to erythrocytes and serum proteins; this could explain the improved tissue partinioning observed. Scintigraphy of patients with melanoma metastases confirmed the promising characteristics derived from the animal studies.
CONCLUSION:
Due to rapid background clearance and high melanoma affinity, IMBA showed high tumor contrast already at 4 hr after injection which makes it a promising new radiopharmaceutical for the scintigraphic detection of melanoma metastases.
AuthorsC Nicholl, A Mohammed, W E Hull, B Bubeck, M Eisenhut
JournalJournal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine (J Nucl Med) Vol. 38 Issue 1 Pg. 127-33 (Jan 1997) ISSN: 0161-5505 [Print] United States
PMID8998166 (Publication Type: Case Reports, Journal Article)
Chemical References
  • Benzamides
  • Contrast Media
  • Iodine Radioisotopes
  • Radiopharmaceuticals
Topics
  • Animals
  • Benzamides (pharmacokinetics)
  • Contrast Media
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Iodine Radioisotopes (pharmacokinetics)
  • Isotope Labeling (methods)
  • Male
  • Melanoma (diagnostic imaging, metabolism, secondary)
  • Melanoma, Experimental (diagnostic imaging, metabolism)
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Middle Aged
  • Radionuclide Imaging
  • Radiopharmaceuticals (pharmacokinetics)
  • Tissue Distribution

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