In vivo efficacy of oral and intralesional administration of 2-substituted quinolines in experimental treatment of new world cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania amazonensis.

Abstract

The antileishmanial efficacies of 2-n-propylquinoline, chimanines B and D, 2-n-pentylquinoline, 2-phenylquinoline, 2-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenylethyl) quinoline, and two total alkaloidal extracts of Galipea longiflora were evaluated in BALB/c mice infected with Leishmania amazonensis or Leishmania venezuelensis. Animals were treated for 4 to 6 weeks postinfection with a quinoline by the oral route at 50 mg/kg of body weight twice daily for 15 days or by five intralesional injections at intervals of 4 days with a quinoline at 50 mg/kg of body weight. The reference drug, N-methylglucamine antimonate (Glucantime), was administered by subcutaneous or intralesional injection (regimens of 14, 28, or 56 mg of pentavalent antimony [Sbv] per kg of body weight daily). Twice-daily oral treatment with chimanine B at 50 mg/kg resulted in a decrease in lesion weight by 70% (P < 0.001) and a decrease in the parasite loads by 95% (P < 0.001). Five injections of chimanine B at intervals of 4 days reduced the lesion weight by 74% and the parasite loads in the lesion by 90% compared with the values for the group of untreated mice. Subcutaneous administration of N-methylglucamine antimonate at 28 mg of Sbv kg per day for 15 days reduced the parasite burden by 95% (P < 0.001), and five intralesional injections at the same concentration reduced the parasite burden by 96% (P < 0.001). Other 2-substituted quinolines, 2-n-propylquinoline administered by the oral and intralesional routes, 2-phenylquinoline administered by the oral route, 2-n-pentylquinoline administered by intralesional injection, and two total alkaloidal extracts of G. longiflora administered by the oral route, had intermediate effects. These findings suggest that chimanine B may be chosen as a lead molecule in the development of oral therapy against leishmaniasis.

• Authors: A Fournet, M E Ferreira, A Rojas De Arias, S Torres De Ortiz, S Fuentes, H Nakayama, A Schinini, R Hocquemiller
• Journal: Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy (Antimicrob Agents Chemother) Vol. 40 Issue 11 Pg. 2447-51 (Nov 1996) ISSN: 0066-4804 [Print] United States
• PMID: 8913444 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• 4-Quinolones
• Anti-Infective Agents
• Antiprotozoal Agents
• Organometallic Compounds
• Plant Extracts
• Meglumine
• Meglumine Antimoniate

Topics

• 4-Quinolones
• Administration, Oral
• Animals
• Anti-Infective Agents (administration & dosage, therapeutic use)
• Antiprotozoal Agents (administration & dosage, therapeutic use)
• Female
• Injections, Subcutaneous
• Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous (drug therapy, parasitology, pathology)
• Male
• Meglumine (administration & dosage, therapeutic use)
• Meglumine Antimoniate
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred BALB C
• Organometallic Compounds (administration & dosage, therapeutic use)
• Plant Extracts (therapeutic use)
• Plants, Medicinal