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Lidocaine elimination and monoethylglycinexylidide formation in the dehydrated camel.

Abstract
The elimination kinetics and the formation of the monoethylglycinexylidide (MEGX), a major metabolite of lidocaine, were studied in camels deprived of water for 14 days. The study was conducted on four camels in a crossover design. Lidocaine was administered intravenously at a dose of 1 mg/kg to adult female camels when water was given ad libitum (stage 1) and to the same camels after 14 days of dehydration. Blood samples were taken up to 6 h after dosing. Serum lidocaine and MEGX levels were analysed by polarization fluorescence immunoassay. The elimination profiles of lidocaine and the formation of the metabolite MEGX in the two phases of the study were essentially identical. No difference in any pharmacokinetic parameter was noticed between normally hydrated and water-deprived camels. It is thus concluded that dehydration does not affect the cytochrome P450 isozymes involved in degradation of lidocaine to MEGX nor does it affect the hepatic blood flow, which is a major determinant in the clearance of lidocaine. The very low clearance of lidocaine in the camel in comparison with other ruminant or monogastric mammals may be associated with the camel's ability to survive drought in the desert.
AuthorsZ Ben-Zvi, G Goldin, C Van Creveld, R Yagil
JournalJournal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics (J Vet Pharmacol Ther) Vol. 18 Issue 6 Pg. 442-5 (Dec 1995) ISSN: 0140-7783 [Print] England
PMID8789697 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Controlled Clinical Trial, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Anesthetics, Local
  • Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
  • Lidocaine
  • monoethylglycinexylidide
Topics
  • Anesthetics, Local (administration & dosage, blood, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
  • Animals
  • Biotransformation
  • Camelus
  • Cross-Over Studies
  • Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System (metabolism)
  • Dehydration (blood, physiopathology, veterinary)
  • Female
  • Fluorescence Polarization (veterinary)
  • Injections, Intravenous (veterinary)
  • Lidocaine (administration & dosage, analogs & derivatives, blood, metabolism, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
  • Liver (blood supply, drug effects, metabolism)
  • Regional Blood Flow (drug effects)
  • Water Deprivation (physiology)

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