Rapid tracheal infusion of surfactant versus bolus instillation in rabbits: effects on oxygenation, blood pressure and surfactant distribution.

Abstract

UNLABELLED:

Surfactant bolus instillation may be associated with a drop in blood pressure. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) has been found in surfactant preparations. The aim of this study was to evaluate rapid tracheal infusion of surfactant during 5 min as an alternative to bolus instillation and to examine whether a PAF receptor antagonist is able to prevent the decrease in blood pressure.

METHODS:

Surfactant deficiency was induced in 16 adult rabbits by lung lavages with saline. Six animals received a bolus of a porcine surfactant preparation (Curosurf (CS); 200 mg/kg), labeled with red microspheres to assess pulmonary distribution. In another 5 rabbits, the same amount of labelled CS was instilled by tracheal infusion within 5 min. A third group of 5 animals received 3 mg/kg body weight of the PAF antagonist WEB 2170 before CS bolus instillation.

RESULTS:

After CS bolus administration, mean PaO2 increased by 44.7 +/- 8.3 kPa (mean +/- SD) within 2 min and remained at this level. Mean arterial blood pressure dropped transiently by 2.3 +/- 2 kPa within 5 min. Pulmonary distribution of surfactant was even. After infusion, mean PaO2 rose by 22.4 +/- 16.3 kPa within 15 min. Blood pressure dropped by 1.8 +/- 1.1 kPa within 15 min. The distribution was extremely uneven. Blood pressure decreases also occurred after pretreatment with PAF receptor antagonist.

CONCLUSION:

Rapid tracheal infusion of surfactant results in poorer oxygenation, an inhomogeneous distribution and a similar decrease in blood pressure compared to the bolus instillation method. Blood pressure changes could not be prevented by a PAF receptor-specific antagonist.

• Authors: H Segerer, A Scheid, M H Wagner, M Lekka, M Obladen
• Journal: Biology of the neonate (Biol Neonate) Vol. 69 Issue 2 Pg. 119-27 ( 1996) ISSN: 0006-3126 [Print] Switzerland
• PMID: 8713657 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Azepines
• Platelet Activating Factor
• Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
• Surface-Active Agents
• Triazoles
• bepafant
• Oxygen

Topics

• Animals
• Azepines (pharmacology)
• Blood Pressure (drug effects)
• Lung (metabolism)
• Oxygen (blood)
• Platelet Activating Factor (administration & dosage, metabolism, pharmacology)
• Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors (pharmacology)
• Rabbits
• Surface-Active Agents (administration & dosage, pharmacology)
• Tissue Distribution
• Trachea
• Triazoles (pharmacology)