Chemoprevention of breast cancer by tamoxifen: risks and opportunities.

Abstract	The antioestrogen tamoxifen is of proven efficacy in inhibiting the growth of oestrogen receptor positive breast cancers in women. In rats, long-term dosing leads to the development of hepatocellular tumours. Tamoxifen in this species is a genotoxic carcinogen. Metabolic activation by cytochrome P450-dependent enzymes leads to DNA damage detectable by 32P-postlabelling. Factors important in the development of hepatocellular lesions were the nature and quantity of metabolism and promotion/progression of the DNA lesion by agents such as phenobarbital and cell proliferation. No evidence was found for tamoxifen-induced DNA damage in the livers of 7 women taking this drug therapeutically.
Authors	L L Smith, I N White
Journal	Toxicology letters (Toxicol Lett) Vol. 82-83 Pg. 181-6 (Dec 1995) ISSN: 0378-4274 [Print] Netherlands
PMID	8597049 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
Chemical References	Anticarcinogenic Agents Estrogen Antagonists Tamoxifen
Topics	Animals Anticarcinogenic Agents (pharmacology) Biotransformation Breast Neoplasms (prevention & control) DNA Damage Estrogen Antagonists (pharmacology) Female Humans Rats Tamoxifen (pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)

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