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Evaluation of a hypertonic sodium chloride/dextran solution for treatment of traumatic shock in dogs.

AbstractOBJECTIVE:
To compare the efficacy of 7% NaCl solution (hypertonic saline) in 6% dextran 70 solution (HSD) with that of lactated Ringer's solution (LRS) for treatment of dogs in traumatic shock.
DESIGN:
Prospective, randomized, clinical study.
ANIMALS:
16 traumatized adult dogs with clinical signs of shock.
PROCEDURE:
Physical, hemodynamic, blood gas, and clinical chemistry measurements were performed prior to treatment. Initial treatment consisted of HSD (n = 8) or LRS (n = 8) administered as a bolus (5 ml/kg of body weight, IV) over a 3-minute period, followed by administration of additional LRS and other treatments to restore hemodynamic and physical criteria to within reference limits. Measurements were repeated for 3 hours after initial treatment. The volumes of LRS and HSD administered were recorded hourly. Degree of injury was scored by using a trauma severity index.
RESULTS:
Dogs responded similarly to the treatments, and all but 3 dogs survived to be discharged. The amount of fluid administered to dogs in the HSD group over the final 2 hours of the study was significantly less than that administered to the dogs in the LRS group. Serum sodium concentration and osmolality of the dogs in the HSD group were not significantly greater than those values in the LRS group. Bradyarrhythmias were observed in 2 dogs in the HSD group.
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS:
Hypertonic sodium chloride/dextran solution is safe and effective for resuscitating dogs in traumatic shock. Seven percent NaCl in 6% dextran 70 may reduce the need for isotonic fluids in the hours after initial resuscitation.
AuthorsE R Schertel, D A Allen, W W Muir, B D Hansen
JournalJournal of the American Veterinary Medical Association (J Am Vet Med Assoc) Vol. 208 Issue 3 Pg. 366-70 (Feb 01 1996) ISSN: 0003-1488 [Print] United States
PMID8575966 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Dextrans
  • Isotonic Solutions
  • Plasma Substitutes
  • Ringer's Lactate
  • Saline Solution, Hypertonic
Topics
  • Accidents, Traffic
  • Animals
  • Dextrans (therapeutic use)
  • Dog Diseases (therapy)
  • Dogs (injuries)
  • Fluid Therapy (veterinary)
  • Isotonic Solutions (therapeutic use)
  • Plasma Substitutes (therapeutic use)
  • Prospective Studies
  • Ringer's Lactate
  • Saline Solution, Hypertonic (therapeutic use)
  • Shock, Traumatic (therapy, veterinary)
  • Trauma Severity Indices
  • Treatment Outcome

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