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Comparative toxicity of 2-hydroxy-3-alkyl-1,4-naphthoquinones in rats.

Abstract
2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone has previously been shown to cause severe haemolytic anaemia and renal tubular necrosis in animals. In order to establish if such toxic effects are common to other 2-hydroxynaphthoquinone derivatives, the short-term toxicity of a number of 2-hydroxy-3-alkyl-1,4-naphthoquinones has been compared in rats. 2-Hydroxy-3-methyl, 2-hydroxy-3-ethyl- and 2-hydroxy-3-propyl-1,4-naphthoquinone were found to cause both haemolysis and renal damage, although the severity of the changes provoked by these substances was much lower than those induced by the parent compound at an equivalent dose-level. Furthermore, the toxicity of the hydroxy-alkylnaphthoquinones decreased with increasing size of the alkyl substituent and no toxic changes were recorded in animals dosed with 2-hydroxy-3-butyl- or 2-hydroxy-3-pentyl-1,4-naphthoquinone. The relationship between the in vivo effects of these substances and previously reported data on their in vitro cytotoxicity is discussed in relation to the mechanism of toxicity of these and other naphthoquinone derivatives.
AuthorsR Munday, B L Smith, C M Munday
JournalChemico-biological interactions (Chem Biol Interact) Vol. 98 Issue 2 Pg. 185-92 (Nov 17 1995) ISSN: 0009-2797 [Print] Ireland
PMID8548857 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article)
Chemical References
  • Hemoglobins
  • Naphthoquinones
  • Urea
  • Creatinine
  • lawsone
Topics
  • Animals
  • Creatinine (blood)
  • Female
  • Heinz Bodies (drug effects)
  • Hematocrit
  • Hemoglobins (analysis)
  • Kidney (drug effects, pathology)
  • Liver (drug effects, pathology)
  • Naphthoquinones (chemistry, toxicity)
  • Organ Size (drug effects)
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Spleen (drug effects, pathology)
  • Toxicity Tests
  • Urea (blood)

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