Stuttering is an action-induced speech disorder with involuntary, audible, or silent repetitions or prolongations in the utterance of short speech elements (sounds, syllables) and words. Symptomatic treatment programs frequently have initial success; persistent benefit is variable and many patients remain disabled.
Stuttering has many characteristics similar to spasmodic
dysphonia (laryngeal
dystonia), often including the presence of adductor
laryngeal spasms that obstruct airflow (glottal block). We hypothesized that relief of the spasmodic dysphonic glottal blocks in stutterers would modify the
stuttering phenomenon and increase fluency. We therefore studied the effects of bilateral vocal fold
injections of
botulinum toxin type A (BTX) on dysfluency and speech characteristics in
stuttering. We treated 14 adult patients (12
men, 2 women) with persistent
stuttering and glottal block who previously failed standard
speech therapy with 1.25 U BTX into each thyroarytenoid (vocalis) muscle. Fluency evaluations included the
Stuttering Severity Instrument, the Perceptions of
Stuttering Inventory, and a global rating scale (percent of normal function). Patients were evaluated at baseline and at 2-, 6-, and 12-week follow-up visits. Improvement in fluency documented by each rating instrument occurred at 2 and 6 weeks, with functional relapse by 12 weeks in most patients. We conclude that therapeutic laryngeal
injections of
botulinum toxin are useful in the management of
stuttering with glottal block and result in a moderate improvement in fluency. When an adult patient with
developmental stuttering with glottal blocks has failed speech interventional
therapy and presents for treatment, a trial of BTX can be considered early.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)