Protective effects of sparfloxacin in experimental pneumonia caused by Chlamydia pneumoniae in leukopenic mice.

Abstract

The in vivo antichlamydial activities of sparfloxacin and reference drugs were examined in a experimental model of pneumonia caused by Chlamydia pneumoniae in leukopenic mice; their in vitro activities were also examined. The most potent agents in vitro were sparfloxacin (MICs for C. pneumoniae Kajaani and IOL 207, (0.031 and 0.031 micrograms/ml, respectively), clarithromycin (0.031 and 0.031 micrograms/ml, respectively), and minocycline (0.031 and 0.031 micrograms/ml, respectively); these were followed by tosufloxacin (0.063 and 0.125 micrograms/ml, respectively) and ofloxacin (0.5 and 0.5 micrograms/ml, respectively). The MBCs of sparfloxacin, tosufloxacin, ofloxacin, clarithromycin, and minocycline for these two strains were 0.063 and 0.063 micrograms/ml, 0.125 and 0.25 micrograms/ml, 1.0 and 1.0 micrograms/ml, 0.125 and 0.125 micrograms/ml, and 0.25 and 0.25 micrograms/ml, respectively. Fatal pneumonia was induced by intranasal inoculation of cyclophosphamide-treated leukopenic mice with C. pneumoniae IOL 207; infiltration of neutrophils and lymphocytes was observed in the lungs of these mice by histopathological examination. The 50% effective dose of sparfloxacin (oral dose of 0.97 mg/kg of body weight) against the pneumonia was the lowest among the drugs tested; this was followed by those of minocycline (2.22 mg/kg), tosufloxacin (3.47 mg/kg), clarithromycin (4.66 mg/kg), and ofloxacin (16.6 mg/kg). The results indicate that it may be worthwhile to use sparfloxacin against C. pneumoniae infections in humans.

• Authors: K Nakata, Y Okazaki, H Hattori, S Nakamura
• Journal: Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy (Antimicrob Agents Chemother) Vol. 38 Issue 8 Pg. 1757-62 (Aug 1994) ISSN: 0066-4804 [Print] United States
• PMID: 7986006 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Anti-Infective Agents
• Fluoroquinolones
• Quinolones
• sparfloxacin

Topics

• Animals
• Anti-Infective Agents (therapeutic use)
• Chlamydia Infections (prevention & control)
• Chlamydophila pneumoniae (drug effects)
• Female
• Fluoroquinolones
• Leukopenia (complications)
• Lung (pathology)
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred ICR
• Microbial Sensitivity Tests
• Pneumonia, Bacterial (prevention & control)
• Quinolones (pharmacology, therapeutic use)