Effects of 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in combination with 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 in predialysis renal insufficiency: biochemistry and histomorphometry of cancellous bone.

Abstract

The effect of combined administration of 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (24,25-(OH)2D3) and 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 (1 alpha-(OH)D3) was studied in 24 non-dialyzed patients with chronic renal insufficiency (CRI), matched pairwise as to age, sex, and creatinine clearance (Cr.cl). Low Ca intake had been supplemented beforehand. Then, 1 alpha-(OH)D3 (mean dose 0.55 micrograms daily) was given orally to all patients for 3 months (T0 to T3). Subsequently, patients were assigned randomly to 6 months further treatment either with 1 alpha-(OH)D3 alone (Group A) or with 1 alpha-(OH)D3 plus a high dosage of 24,25-(OH)2D3 (50 micrograms orally, twice weekly) (Group B). Histomorphometry was performed at T0, T3, and T9. In both groups iPTH was equally suppressed, into the lower normal range. Whereas in Group A, serum Ca rose steadily and Cr.cl declined, in Group B both parameters levelled off between T6 and T9. At T9, in Group A the elevated resorption and osteoid indices had normalized markedly, but osteoblasts (Ob.Pm) and mineralizing boundaries (M.Bd) were depressed considerably between T3 and T9. In contrast, in Group B, preservation of Ob.Pm and improved mineralizing activity were observed (M.Bd at T9 > T3 > T0). Resorption indices hardly changed. In the patients with high Ob.Pm at T0, cancellous bone area increased significantly. This was not observed in Group A. Thus, in Group B, osteoblast recruitment appeared maintained and M.Bd appeared normalized. Decline of remodeling toward an adynamic state with an increased risk of hypercalcemia appeared prevented.

• Authors: D H Birkenhäger-Frenkel, H A Pols, J Zeelenberg, J J Eijgelsheim, R Schot, A L Nigg, W Weimar, P G Mulder, J C Birkenhäger
• Journal: Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (J Bone Miner Res) Vol. 10 Issue 2 Pg. 197-204 (Feb 1995) ISSN: 0884-0431 [Print] United States
• PMID: 7754799 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Comparative Study, Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Hydroxycholecalciferols
• Parathyroid Hormone
• 24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3
• Calcium
• alfacalcidol

Topics

• 24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3 (administration & dosage, pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Administration, Oral
• Adult
• Bone Density (drug effects)
• Bone Remodeling (drug effects)
• Bone Resorption (drug therapy)
• Calcium (blood)
• Drug Therapy, Combination
• Female
• Humans
• Hydroxycholecalciferols (administration & dosage, pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Hypercalcemia (prevention & control)
• Ilium (drug effects, physiology)
• Kidney Failure, Chronic (drug therapy)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Parathyroid Hormone (blood)
• Renal Dialysis