Abstract |
Changes in serum biochemical and hematological parameters were studied in 20 male rhesus monkeys following acute poisoning by the organophosphate nerve agent cyclohexylmethylphosphonofluoridate (CMPF or GF). Animals were challenged with 5 x LD50 GF (233 micrograms/kg, IM) following pretreatment with pyridostigmine (0.3-0.7 mg/kg per 24 h) and treated with atropine (0.4 mg/kg, IM) and either 2-PAM (25.7 mg/kg, IM) or H16 (37.8 mg/kg, IM) at the onset of clinical signs or at 1 min after exposure. Muscle fasciculations, tremors, or convulsions occurred in 19 of 20 animals. Serum biochemical and hematologic parameters were analyzed 2 days and 7 days after exposure and compared to pre-exposure baseline values. Significant increases in creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LD), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and potassium ion (K+), associated with damage to striated muscle and metabolic acidosis, occurred in both oxime-treated groups 2 days after exposure. Total protein, albumin, red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin concentration (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct), were decreased in both oxime-treated groups at 7 days. The results demonstrate that animals exposed to a single high dose of GF and treated with standard therapy exhibit changes in serum biochemical and hematological indices directly and indirectly associated with their clinical presentations.
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Authors | G D Young, I Koplovitz |
Journal | Archives of toxicology
(Arch Toxicol)
Vol. 69
Issue 6
Pg. 379-83
( 1995)
ISSN: 0340-5761 [Print] Germany |
PMID | 7495375
(Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article)
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Chemical References |
- Antidotes
- Biomarkers
- Chemical Warfare Agents
- Cholinesterase Inhibitors
- Cholinesterase Reactivators
- Organophosphorus Compounds
- Oximes
- Pralidoxime Compounds
- Pyridinium Compounds
- Atropine
- L-Lactate Dehydrogenase
- Aspartate Aminotransferases
- Alanine Transaminase
- Creatine Kinase
- asoxime chloride
- Pyridostigmine Bromide
- pralidoxime
- Potassium
- cyclohexyl methylphosphonofluoridate
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Topics |
- Alanine Transaminase
(blood)
- Animals
- Antidotes
(administration & dosage, pharmacology)
- Aspartate Aminotransferases
(blood)
- Atropine
(administration & dosage, pharmacology)
- Biomarkers
(blood)
- Chemical Warfare Agents
(toxicity)
- Cholinesterase Inhibitors
(toxicity)
- Cholinesterase Reactivators
(administration & dosage, pharmacology)
- Creatine Kinase
(blood)
- Injections, Intramuscular
- L-Lactate Dehydrogenase
(blood)
- Lethal Dose 50
- Macaca mulatta
- Male
- Organophosphorus Compounds
(toxicity)
- Oximes
- Potassium
(blood)
- Pralidoxime Compounds
(administration & dosage, pharmacology)
- Pyridinium Compounds
(administration & dosage, pharmacology)
- Pyridostigmine Bromide
(administration & dosage, pharmacology)
- Seizures
(chemically induced)
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