Protection against colibacillosis in neonatal piglets by immunization of dams with procholeragenoid.

Abstract

Protection against colibacillosis in neonatal piglets was obtained by immunization of pregnant dams with procholeragenoid. Procholeragenoid is a stable high-molecular-weight aggregate of cholera toxin formed during the heating of cholera toxin. Procholeragenoid retained approximately 1% of the toxicity of native toxin as determined in the rabbit ileal loop and Y-1 adrenal cell assays and 5% of the activity in the rabbit skin assay. Immunization of pregnant dams with 50 micrograms of procholeragenoid 5 and 2 weeks before the expected delivery date elicited high titers of antitoxic immunoglobulin G and toxin-neutralizing antibody in both the colostrum and serum. In three independent field trials, immunization with procholeragenoid resulted in a substantial decrease in diarrhea (73% in controls versus 11% in immunized) and death (4.7% in controls versus 0.77% in immunized) in neonatal piglets. The protection rate in the immunized population was approximately 85% for both diarrhea and death. In the following gestation period, reimmunization of dams with a single dose of procholeragenoid (50 micrograms) 2 weeks before delivery elicited titers of antitoxic immunoglobulin G and toxin-neutralizing antibody comparable to those obtained during the primary immunization. The death rate in neonatal piglets (0.86%) was comparable to that seen after immunization during the first gestation period (0.77%). These results indicate that substantial protection of neonatal piglets against colibacillosis can be obtained by immunization of dams with procholeragenoid. Protection was found to be based solely on antitoxic immunity.

• Authors: E Fürer, S J Cryz Jr, F Dorner, J Nicolet, M Wanner, R Germanier
• Journal: Infection and immunity (Infect Immun) Vol. 35 Issue 3 Pg. 887-94 (Mar 1982) ISSN: 0019-9567 [Print] United States
• PMID: 7040250 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Antitoxins
• Immunoglobulin G
• Cholera Toxin

Topics

• Animals
• Animals, Newborn
• Antitoxins (biosynthesis)
• Cholera Toxin (immunology)
• Colostrum (immunology)
• Escherichia coli Infections (prevention & control, veterinary)
• Female
• Gastroenteritis (prevention & control, veterinary)
• Immunization (veterinary)
• Immunoglobulin G (biosynthesis)
• Pregnancy
• Swine
• Swine Diseases (prevention & control)