Endogenous Candida albicans endophthalmitis in the rabbit. Chemotherapy for systemic effect.

Abstract

Progressive endogenous Candida albicans endophthalmitis was established in rabbits by intravenous (IV) injection of blastospores (2.0 to 5.0 x 10/kg). Severity of infection was directly related to the strain and inoculum size. Intravenous amphotericin B (1.0 mg/kg/day), IV amphotericin B methyl ester ascorbate (5.0 mg/kg/day), and oral ketoconazole (80 mg/kg/day) effectively prevented or reduced the severity of infection when therapy was initiated 24 hours following inoculation of blastospores and continued for five to seven days. Intravenous miconazole (30 mg/kg/day) was ineffective in this model. Intravenous amphotericin B(1.0 to 2.0 mg/kg on alternate days), IV amphotericin B methyl ester ascorbate (5.0 mg/kg/day), and oral ketoconazole (80 mg/kg/day reduced the severity of C albicans endophthalmitis when therapy was initiated seven days following injection of blastospores and continued for 28 days. Oral flucytosine (75 and 150 mg/kg/day in four doses) produced uniformly fatal hepatic necrosis in uninfected rabbits.

• Authors: D B Jones, M T Green, M S Osato, P H Broberg, L O Gentry
• Journal: Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) (Arch Ophthalmol) Vol. 99 Issue 12 Pg. 2182-7 (Dec 1981) ISSN: 0003-9950 [Print] United States
• PMID: 6272673 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)

Chemical References

• Antifungal Agents
• Imidazoles
• Piperazines
• methylamphotericin B
• Amphotericin B
• Ketoconazole

Topics

• Amphotericin B (administration & dosage, analogs & derivatives)
• Animals
• Antifungal Agents (administration & dosage)
• Candidiasis (drug therapy)
• Endophthalmitis (drug therapy, etiology, prevention & control)
• Imidazoles (administration & dosage)
• Injections, Intravenous
• Ketoconazole
• Male
• Piperazines (administration & dosage)
• Rabbits