Patients with follicular
non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) respond well to
chemotherapy but frequently relapse and progress with conversion to more aggressive histology
lymphomas. In a prior
Cancer and
Leukemia Group B (CALGB) trial, oral
cyclophosphamide, given as a single agent, was found to be equivalent to a five-
drug regimen in
remission induction in patients with follicular NHL who had not received prior
chemotherapy. Recently,
interferon alfa-2b (Intron A; Schering Plough) has been demonstrated to elicit complete or partial responses in up to 50% of patients with nodular NHL who had received prior
chemotherapy. In the current CALGB pilot trial, oral
cyclophosphamide (100 mg/m2 daily) combined with
interferon alfa-2b (2 X 10(6) IU/m2 s.c. on alternate days) is being evaluated, both in previously treated and untreated patients with stage III or IV follicular NHL, for toxicity, safety and efficacy in
remission induction. A total of 68 patients have been entered into this study. Four patients are ineligible on pathology review, and 60 have on-study data currently available. Forty-one (60%) had not received prior
chemotherapy and 19 (32%) had previously received some form of
chemotherapy.
Leukopenia was found to be the single, most common toxicity experienced by all patients. Previously untreated patients experienced
leukopenia of less than 2,000 WBC/microliter at a significantly higher rate (53% versus 14%) than a similar patient population receiving oral
cyclophosphamide as a single agent in the prior CALGB trial.
Leukopenia was found to be promptly reversible, however, by dose
suspension or adjustment, and other toxicities were demonstrated to be mild and tolerable.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)