Implications of prostaglandin D2 and leukotrienes in exhaled breath condensates of asthma.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Various inflammatory eicosanoid levels in biomaterials from airways of asthma and their associations with clinical parameters remain uncertain. We hypothesized that prostaglandin and leukotriene levels differ between in exhaled breath condensates (EBCs) and in sputum in mild, moderate, and severe levels of asthma and that EBC and sputum eicosanoid levels are associated with indexes of pulmonary function and inflammation.

OBJECTIVE:

To determine the differences between EBC and sputum eicosanoid levels in healthy participants and patients with asthma with different asthma severity levels.

METHODS:

Collected EBC and sputum, as well as pulmonary function, were examined in adult patients with asthma and healthy participants. Exhaled breath condensate prostaglandin D2-methoxime (PGD2-MOX), cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs), leukotriene B4 (LTB4), and thromboxane B2 levels, and some sputum eicosanoid and tryptase levels were measured. Differences in eicosanoid levels among participants and their associations with pulmonary function and tryptase and granulocyte levels in sputum were then evaluated.

RESULTS:

Analysis of 94 EBCs and 43 sputa revealed that EBC and sputum PGD2-MOX and CysLT levels were significantly higher in patients with asthma than in healthy participants. Exhaled breath condensate PGD2-MOX, CysLT, and LTB4 levels were significantly higher in patients with severe asthma. Exhaled breath condensate PGD2-MOX level was also significantly correlated with sputum tryptase levels and lower pulmonary function in patients with asthma. Sputum PGD2-MOX and CysLT levels were significantly correlated with the proportion of eosinophils among all cells in sputum in patients with asthma.

CONCLUSION:

The results suggest that EBC PGD2 levels are associated with impairment of pulmonary function in adults with asthma who have undergone guideline treatment. Exhaled breath condensate or sputum PGD2 and CysLTs may represent severity or airway inflammation in asthma.

• Authors: Yoshitaka Uchida, Tomoyuki Soma, Kazuyuki Nakagome, Takehito Kobayashi, Makoto Nagata
• Journal: Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology (Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol) Vol. 123 Issue 1 Pg. 81-88.e1 (07 2019) ISSN: 1534-4436 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 30986547 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2019 American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Eicosanoids
• Leukotrienes
• cysteinyl-leukotriene
• Leukotriene B4
• Thromboxane B2
• Tryptases
• Cysteine
• Prostaglandin D2

Topics

• Adult
• Asthma (metabolism)
• Breath Tests (methods)
• Cysteine (metabolism)
• Eicosanoids (metabolism)
• Female
• Granulocytes (metabolism)
• Humans
• Inflammation (metabolism)
• Leukotriene B4 (metabolism)
• Leukotrienes (metabolism)
• Lung (metabolism)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Prostaglandin D2 (metabolism)
• Sputum (metabolism)
• Thromboxane B2 (metabolism)
• Tryptases (metabolism)