Antiviral and antimetabolic activities of neplanocins.

Abstract

Of a series of carbocyclic analogs of adenosine, in which the ribose moiety was replaced by a cyclopentenyl ring, neplanocin A, or (-)-9-[trans-2, trans-3-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopent-4-enyl]adenine proved particularly effective in inhibiting the multiplication of DNA viruses (i.e., vaccinia), (-)RNA viruses (i.e., parainfluenza, measles, and vesicular stomatitis), and double-stranded RNA viruses (i.e., reo) in vitro in cell culture. Depending on the cells used, the MIC of neplanocin A for these viruses ranged from 0.01 to 4 micrograms/ml, and depending on the parameter used to assess toxicity for the host cell, the specificity index of neplanocin A ranged from 50 to 4,000. As postulated before for other adenosine analogs, neplanocin A may owe its antiviral action to inhibition of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase, hence perturbation of transmethylation reactions. In vivo, neplanocin A afforded only marginal protection against a lethal infection of mice with vesicular stomatitis virus.

• Authors: E De Clercq
• Journal: Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy (Antimicrob Agents Chemother) Vol. 28 Issue 1 Pg. 84-9 (Jul 1985) ISSN: 0066-4804 [Print] United States
• PMID: 2994559 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Antibiotics, Antineoplastic
• Antimetabolites
• Antiviral Agents
• neplanocin C
• neplanocin A
• Adenosine

Topics

• Adenosine (analogs & derivatives, pharmacology)
• Animals
• Antibiotics, Antineoplastic (pharmacology)
• Antimetabolites (pharmacology)
• Antiviral Agents (pharmacology)
• HeLa Cells (microbiology)
• Kidney
• Mice
• Rabbits
• Simplexvirus (drug effects)
• Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus (drug effects)
• Virus Diseases (drug therapy)
• Virus Replication (drug effects)