Contact photoallergy testing of sunscreens in guinea pigs.

Abstract

The potential of 3 sunscreens (p-aminobenzoic acid, 4-isopropyldibenzoylmethane and homosalate) and 2 known human photoallergens (musk ambrette and tetrachlorosalicylanilide) to cause photoallergy, phototoxicity, and/or contact sensitization was determined using a guinea pig photoallergy model, as previously described by Harber and associates. The model was slightly modified by employing 6 exposures over 2 weeks and using Hill Top Chambers for application of the test material. Contact photoallergy was detected in guinea pigs treated with musk ambrette or tetrachlorosalicylanilide (TCSA), although with TCSA, a lower incidence of contact sensitivity and phototoxicity was also detected. The results of studies conducted with sunscreens showed that p-aminobenzoic acid was photoallergenic, whereas homosalate and 4-isopropyl-dibenzoylmethane (Eusolex 8020) were not. However, contact sensitization, and to a lesser degree primary irritation, was detected with Eusolex 8020 at the concentrations employed in this study. The results of these studies suggest that this guinea pig model is a suitable model for assessing the photoallergic potential of various compounds, including the sunscreens tested in this study.

• Authors: G F Gerberick, C A Ryan
• Journal: Contact dermatitis (Contact Dermatitis) Vol. 20 Issue 4 Pg. 251-9 (Apr 1989) ISSN: 0105-1873 [Print] England
• PMID: 2787725 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Benzoates
• Chalcones
• Salicylates
• Sunscreening Agents
• 4-isopropyldibenzoylmethane
• 4-Aminobenzoic Acid
• homosalate

Topics

• 4-Aminobenzoic Acid (adverse effects)
• Animals
• Benzoates (adverse effects)
• Chalcones
• Disease Models, Animal
• Guinea Pigs
• Patch Tests
• Photosensitivity Disorders (diagnosis, etiology)
• Salicylates (adverse effects)
• Sunscreening Agents (adverse effects)