A Randomised Crossover Trial: The Effect of Inulin on Glucose Homeostasis in Subtypes of Prediabetes.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Fermentable carbohydrates (FCHO) have been shown to improve insulin sensitivity in normoglycaemic and insulin-resistant subjects. However, there are no data on subjects with prediabetes. We aimed to investigate the effect of the FCHO inulin, on glucose homeostasis in subjects with prediabetes.

METHODS:

In a double-blind and placebo-controlled crossover study, 40 volunteers with prediabetes were randomly allocated to take 30 g/day of inulin or cellulose for 2 weeks in a crossover trial, following a 4-week dose-escalation run-in. Fasting insulin and glucose were measured for all subjects. Fifteen of the 40 subjects also underwent a meal tolerance test to assess insulin sensitivity, free fatty acids and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. A subanalysis was carried out to examine any differences between the prediabetes subtypes.

RESULTS:

Inulin was associated with a significant increase in (0-30 min)incremental AUC (iAUC) for insulin (treatment: p < 0.04) and (0-60 min)iAUC for insulin (treatment: p < 0.04) compared to control. There was a significant reduction in insulin resistance measured by the homeostatic model assessment in the isolated-impaired fasting glucose (p < 0.05) but not in the isolated-impaired glucose tolerance groups (p = 0.59).

CONCLUSION:

The FCHO, inulin, may have unique metabolic effects that are of particular benefit to people at risk of diabetes, which warrant further investigation.

• Authors: Nicola D Guess, Anne Dornhorst, Nick Oliver, Gary S Frost
• Journal: Annals of nutrition & metabolism (Ann Nutr Metab) Vol. 68 Issue 1 Pg. 26-34 ( 2016) ISSN: 1421-9697 [Electronic] Switzerland
• PMID: 26571012 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Chemical References

• Blood Glucose
• Fatty Acids, Nonesterified
• Insulin
• Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
• Inulin

Topics

• Aged
• Blood Glucose (metabolism)
• Body Mass Index
• Cross-Over Studies
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (drug therapy)
• Double-Blind Method
• Fatty Acids, Nonesterified (blood)
• Female
• Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (blood)
• Homeostasis
• Humans
• Insulin (blood)
• Insulin Resistance
• Inulin (administration & dosage)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Prediabetic State (drug therapy)
• Risk Factors