[Utility of a Simultaneous Detection Kit for Glutamate Dehydrogenase and Toxin A/B with Toxigenic Culture in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Clostridium difficile Infection].

Abstract

We examined how doctors evaluate the results of C. DIFF QUIK CHEK COMPLETE (COMPLETE) in the diagnosis and treatment of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). A total of 887 stool samples submitted from 2012 to 2013 were examined with COMPLETE. Requested specimens among samples with discrepant results were inoculated onto CCMA plates and incubated under anaerobic conditions for 48 h, then retested by COMPLETE if positive culture results were obtained. Of the 887 specimens, 198 (22.3%) were glutamate dehydrogenase-positive and 73(8.3%) were toxin-positive. Of the 125 specimens yielding discrepant results, 106 specimens were cultured and retested, with 46 (43.4%, 46/106) proving toxin-positive. As a result, the total number of toxin-positive results increased from 73 (8.3%, 73/887) to 119 (13.4%, 119/887). This change was significant (p<0.01). We analyzed the relationship between doctor's decision-making and timing of receiving CD test results in 81 specimens among the discrepant results. Twenty-four patients started treatment just after obtaining the first test result (29.6%, 24/81) and the toxin-positive ratio of the second test was 62.5% (15/24). The decision to start treatment was made after obtaining results of the second test in 48 patients, of whom 13 (16.0%, 13/81) started treatment, and the toxin-positive ratio was 37.5% (18/48). The difference in toxin ratio was significant (p < 0.05). The increase in toxin-positive ratio in the final report facilitates diagnosis in patients with CDL Many doctors, however, started treatment before obtaining results from the second test, suggesting that the 3-day delay in report results represents a drawback for this system.

• Authors: Akio Kikuchi, Hiroko Suzuki, Hiroko Shishido, Satomi Abe, Mikako Nakajima, Junko Maeda, Isao Tamura, Mitsuru Shiroishi, Mariko Usui
• Journal: Rinsho byori. The Japanese journal of clinical pathology (Rinsho Byori) Vol. 63 Issue 6 Pg. 694-9 (Jun 2015) ISSN: 0047-1860 [Print] Japan
• PMID: 26548233 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Antigens, Bacterial
• Bacterial Toxins
• Glutamate Dehydrogenase

Topics

• Antigens, Bacterial (analysis)
• Bacterial Toxins (analysis)
• Clostridioides difficile
• Clostridium Infections (diagnosis, drug therapy)
• Glutamate Dehydrogenase (analysis)
• Humans
• Immunoenzyme Techniques (methods)