Fluoxetine stimulates anti-inflammatory IL-10 cytokine production and attenuates sensory deficits in a rat model of decompression sickness.

Abstract

Despite "gold standard" hyperbaric oxygen treatment, 30% of patients suffering from neurological decompression sickness still exhibit incomplete recovery, including sensory impairments. Fluoxetine, a well-known antidepressant, is recognized as having anti-inflammatory effects in the setting of cerebral ischemia. In this study, we focused on the assessment of sensory neurological deficits and measurement of circulating cytokines after decompression in rats treated or not with fluoxetine. Seventy-eight rats were divided into a clinical (n = 38) and a cytokine (n = 40) group. In both groups, the rats were treated with fluoxetine (30 mg/kg po, 6 h beforehand) or with a saccharine solution. All of the rats were exposed to 90 m seawater for 45 min before staged decompression. In the clinical group, paw withdrawal force after mechanical stimulation and paw withdrawal latency after thermal stimulation were evaluated before and 1 and 48 h after surfacing. At 48 h, a dynamic weight-bearing device was used to assess postural stability, depending on the time spent on three or four paws. For cytokine analysis, blood samples were collected from the vena cava 1 h after surfacing. Paw withdrawal force and latency were increased after surfacing in the controls, but not in the fluoxetine group. Dynamic weight-bearing assessment highlighted a better stability on three paws for the fluoxetine group. IL-10 levels were significantly decreased after decompression in the controls, but maintained at baseline level with fluoxetine. This study suggests that fluoxetine has a beneficial effect on sensory neurological recovery. We hypothesize that the observed effect is mediated through maintained anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 production.

• Authors: Jean-Eric Blatteau, Sébastien de Maistre, Kate Lambrechts, Jacques Abraini, Jean-Jacques Risso, Nicolas Vallée
• Journal: Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) (J Appl Physiol (1985)) Vol. 119 Issue 12 Pg. 1393-9 (Dec 15 2015) ISSN: 1522-1601 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 26494447 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2015 the American Physiological Society.

Chemical References

• Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation
• Neuroprotective Agents
• Fluoxetine
• Interleukin-10

Topics

• Animals
• Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation (pharmacology)
• Behavior, Animal (drug effects)
• Decompression Sickness (complications, drug therapy, physiopathology)
• Fluoxetine (pharmacology)
• Hot Temperature
• Interleukin-10 (biosynthesis)
• Male
• Nervous System Diseases (drug therapy, etiology, physiopathology)
• Neuroprotective Agents (pharmacology)
• Postural Balance (drug effects)
• Rats
• Rats, Sprague-Dawley
• Seawater
• Sensation Disorders (drug therapy, etiology, physiopathology)
• Weight-Bearing