Glu504Lys Single Nucleotide Polymorphism of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Gene and the Risk of Human Diseases.

Abstract

Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) 2 is a mitochondrial enzyme that is known for its important role in oxidation and detoxification of ethanol metabolite acetaldehyde. ALDH2 also metabolizes other reactive aldehydes such as 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal and acrolein. The Glu504Lys single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of ALDH2 gene, which is found in approximately 40% of the East Asian populations, causes defect in the enzyme activity of ALDH2, leading to alterations in acetaldehyde metabolism and alcohol-induced "flushing" syndrome. Evidence suggests that ALDH2 Glu504Lys SNP is a potential candidate genetic risk factor for a variety of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and late-onset Alzheimer's disease. In addition, the association between ALDH2 Glu504Lys SNP and the development of these chronic diseases appears to be affected by the interaction between the SNP and lifestyle factors such as alcohol consumption as well as by the presence of other genetic variations.

• Authors: Yan Zhao, Chuancai Wang
• Journal: BioMed research international (Biomed Res Int) Vol. 2015 Pg. 174050 ( 2015) ISSN: 2314-6141 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 26491656 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review)

Chemical References

• Neoplasm Proteins
• ALDH2 protein, human
• Aldehyde Dehydrogenase
• Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial

Topics

• Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System (genetics)
• Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (genetics)
• Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial
• Alzheimer Disease (genetics)
• Cardiovascular Diseases (genetics)
• Asia, Eastern
• Humans
• Neoplasm Proteins (genetics)
• Neoplasms (genetics)
• Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
• Risk Factors