Abstract | PURPOSE: Clinical trials and epidemiological evidence have shown that combined estrogen/ progestin hormone replacement therapy, but not estrogen therapy alone, increases breast cancer risk in post-menopausal women. Previously we have shown that natural and synthetic progestins, including the widely used synthetic progestin medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), increase production of a potent angiogenic factor, vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF), in human breast cancer cells, potentially providing an explanation for progestin's mechanism of action. Here, we tested the effects of luteolin (LU), a flavonoid commonly found in fruits and vegetables, on inhibiting progestin-dependent VEGF induction and angiogenesis in human breast cancer cells, inhibiting stem cell-like characteristics, as well as breast cancer cell xenograft tumor growth in vivo and expression of angiogenesis markers. METHODS: RESULTS: CONCLUSIONS:
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Authors | Matthew T Cook, Yayun Liang, Cynthia Besch-Williford, Sandy Goyette, Benford Mafuvadze, Salman M Hyder |
Journal | SpringerPlus
(Springerplus)
Vol. 4
Pg. 444
( 2015)
ISSN: 2193-1801 [Print] Switzerland |
PMID | 26312209
(Publication Type: Journal Article)
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