Numerous studies have investigated the risk of
cancer associated with the polymorphism of p21
3' UTR (rs1059234 C > T), but results have been inconsistent. We performed this meta-analysis to drive a more precise estimation of the association between this polymorphism and risk of
cancer. A comprehensive search was conducted to identify all case-control studies of the rs1059234 C > T polymorphism of p21
3' UTR and
cancer susceptibility. A total of eleven eligible studies, including 3,099 cases and 4,354 controls, relating to the rs1059234 polymorphism of p21
3' UTR to the risk of
cancer were identified. Multivariate and univariate methods revealed no association between this polymorphism and
cancer risk. However, subgroup analysis by
cancer type suggested that rs1059234 C > T polymorphism was associated with increased risk of
squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) (dominant model CT + TT vs. CC: OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.17-1.94). No significant association was found in other subgroup analyses. This meta-analysis suggested that rs1059234 polymorphism of p21
3' UTR may be associated with increased SCCHN risk. And larger scale primary studies are required to further evaluate the interaction of p21
3' UTR rs1059234 polymorphism and
cancer risk in specific populations.