Hepatorenal fibrocystic diseases in children.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Hepatorenal fibrocystic diseases (HRFCDs) are a group of monogenic disorders characterized by developmental abnormalities involving the liver and kidney. In this study, we performed genotype and phenotype analyses of children with HRFCDs to determine the distribution of underlying diseases.

METHODS:

A total of 36 children with HRFCDs were recruited, with genetic tests being performed in 22 patients and 14 patients diagnosed clinically as having autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD).

RESULTS:

In children with HRFCDs, ARPKD was the most common disease, found in 16/36 (44.4 %), followed by nephronophthisis 13 (NPHP13) in 11/36 (30.6 %) and Meckel-Gruber syndrome type 3 (MKS3) in 4/36 (11.1 %). Renal function deteriorated faster in children with NPHP13. The main hepatic pathology was Caroli disease in the NPHP13 patients, while most other patients had Caroli syndrome or congenital hepatic fibrosis. Of note, three of four MKS3 patients had an accompanying choledochal cyst. No ARPKD patient had other organ involvement, while several NPHP13 patients had ocular and/or neurodevelopmental involvement. In contrast, all MKS3 patients had severe ocular and neurodevelopmental involvement.

CONCLUSIONS:

NPHP13 is a major disease in the HRFCD category, and thorough evaluation of its clinical features, including kidney, liver and other organ involvement, may aid in the differential diagnosis of HRFCD.

• Authors: Eujin Park, Jiwon M Lee, Yo Han Ahn, Hee Gyung Kang, I I Soo Ha, Joo Hoon Lee, Young Seo Park, Nayoung K D Kim, Woong-Yang Park, Hae Ii Cheong
• Journal: Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) (Pediatr Nephrol) Vol. 31 Issue 1 Pg. 113-9 (Jan 2016) ISSN: 1432-198X [Electronic] Germany
• PMID: 26260382 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Topics

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Age Factors
• Caroli Disease (diagnosis, epidemiology, genetics)
• Child
• Child, Preschool
• Ciliary Motility Disorders (diagnosis, epidemiology, genetics)
• Encephalocele (diagnosis, epidemiology, genetics)
• Female
• Genetic Diseases, Inborn (diagnosis, epidemiology, genetics)
• Genetic Predisposition to Disease
• Genetic Testing
• Humans
• Infant
• Kidney Failure, Chronic (epidemiology)
• Liver Cirrhosis (diagnosis, epidemiology, genetics)
• Male
• Phenotype
• Polycystic Kidney Diseases (diagnosis, epidemiology, genetics)
• Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Recessive (diagnosis, epidemiology, genetics)
• Predictive Value of Tests
• Prognosis
• Renal Insufficiency, Chronic (epidemiology)
• Republic of Korea (epidemiology)
• Risk Factors
• Young Adult