Abstract | BACKGROUND/AIM:
Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of death in American males. Emetine, a naturally-derived alkaloid from the Ipecacuanha plant, has been shown to have potential for anti-tumorigenic effects for cancer treatments. The objective of this study was to characterize novel emetine dithiocarbamate (EMTDTC) analogs for potent anti-tumorigenic activity with minimal toxicity to normal prostate cells and identify targeted apoptotic regulatory genes. The leading key compounds, EMTDTC-55 and EMTDTC-56 were studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Established methods of cell flow cytometry were used to analyze apoptotic potential in prostate cancer cell lines (DU145, PC3 and LNCaP) and real time-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for identifying key genes mediating apoptosis. RESULTS: The effect of EMTDTC-55 on DU145, LNCaP and PC3 revealed significant anti-tumorigenic activities. Both compounds showed highly significant apoptotic potential on days 3 and 5 in the prostate cancer cells. Key apoptotic genes were differentially regulated suggestive of cell-cycle arrest and apoptotic induction in androgen-independent cell lines, DU145 and PC3, by both compounds. However, in the androgen-dependent cell line LNCaP, cells were marginally affected by EMTDTC-55, but significant apoptosis was observed by EMTDTC-56 leading to cell-cycle arrest. CONCLUSION: Both dithiocarbamate compounds EMTDTC-55 and EMTDTC-56 have significant chemotherapeutic potential in moderately metastatic DU145 and highly metastatic PC3 cells.
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Authors | Zebalda D Bamji, Kareem N Washington, Emmanuel Akinboye, Oladapo Bakare, Yasmine M Kanaan, Robert L Copeland Jr |
Journal | Anticancer research
(Anticancer Res)
Vol. 35
Issue 9
Pg. 4723-32
(Sep 2015)
ISSN: 1791-7530 [Electronic] Greece |
PMID | 26254362
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.)
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Copyright | Copyright© 2015 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. John G. Delinassios), All rights reserved. |
Chemical References |
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Topics |
- Apoptosis
(drug effects, genetics)
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Survival
(drug effects)
- Ditiocarb
(analogs & derivatives, pharmacology)
- Emetine
(pharmacology)
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
(drug effects)
- Humans
- Male
- Prostatic Neoplasms
(genetics, pathology)
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