ELISA-Confirmed Bilateral Ocular Toxocariasis with Different Features.

Abstract

PURPOSE:

To report a rare case of bilateral ocular toxocariasis with a different clinical presentation in each eye.

CASE REPORT:

A 56-year-old man presented with severe ocular pain and acute visual loss in the right eye (RE). His best-corrected visual acuity was hand motion in the RE and 20/30 in the left eye (LE). Slit-lamp examination showed a severe anterior chamber reaction in the RE and a moderate anterior chamber reaction in the LE. The fundus of the LE showed a posterior hemorrhagic granuloma with vascular sheathing whereas the fundus of the RE was not visible because of severe vitreous opacification. Blood laboratory testing disclosed hyperproduction of IgE but no eosinophilia. Serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay testing was positive for Toxocara canis IgG (1:38). Toxocara antibody was also detected in the aqueous humor from both eyes (RE, 1:321; LE, 1:254). The patient was treated with topical and oral steroids along with oral albendazole. Additionally, phacoemulsification, a therapeutic vitrectomy, and vitreous cultures were performed in the RE. During the vitrectomy, the fundus of the RE showed diffuse retinal vascular obstruction with sheathing. Toxocara antibodies were detected in the vitreous fluid from the RE (1:679). A laser barrier was placed around the granuloma in the LE. After 1 month of steroid therapy, a tapering schedule was started. At 6 months postoperatively, the fundi of both eyes were stable. The final best-corrected visual acuity was 8/20 in the RE and 20/20 in the LE.

CONCLUSIONS:

A rare case of bilateral ocular toxocariasis is reported with a different clinical presentation in each eye that was diagnosed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis of intraocular fluids. Both eyes were successfully treated medically with a vitrectomy eventually being required in the RE.

• Authors: Tae Hee Lee, Yong Sok Ji, Seung Hyun Lee
• Journal: Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry (Optom Vis Sci) Vol. 92 Issue 8 Pg. e176-9 (Aug 2015) ISSN: 1538-9235 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 26154694 (Publication Type: Case Reports, Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Antibodies, Helminth
• Antiprotozoal Agents
• Glucocorticoids
• Immunoglobulin G
• Albendazole

Topics

• Albendazole (therapeutic use)
• Animals
• Antibodies, Helminth (blood)
• Antiprotozoal Agents (therapeutic use)
• Aqueous Humor (immunology, parasitology)
• Drug Therapy, Combination
• Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
• Eye Infections, Parasitic (diagnosis, drug therapy, immunology)
• Glucocorticoids (therapeutic use)
• Humans
• Immunoglobulin G (blood)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Phacoemulsification
• Toxocara canis (immunology, isolation & purification)
• Toxocariasis (diagnosis, drug therapy, immunology)
• Visual Acuity
• Vitrectomy
• Vitreous Body (immunology, parasitology)