Serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate in the alleviation of chemotherapy-induced mucositis.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Gastrointestinal (GI) mucositis caused by chemotherapy is associated with diarrhoea and intestinal barrier disruption caused by apoptosis, immune dysfunction and microbiome alterations. Serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate (SBI) has been shown to manage HIV-associated enteropathy and irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea (IBS-D). We investigated in a rat model whether SBI was effective in alleviating symptoms of irinotecan-induced GI mucositis.

METHODS:

Animals were gavaged with 250 or 500 mg/kg of SBI twice daily for 4 days, before intraperitoneal administration of 200 mg/kg irinotecan. Twice daily gavaging of SBI continued for 6 days post-irinotecan. Animals were monitored for bodyweight changes and incidence of diarrhoea and clinical symptoms of stress. Tissues and blood samples were collected at necropsy 6 h, and 2, 4 and 6 days post-irinotecan. H&E-stained colon and jejunum were analysed for histological damage.

RESULTS:

The overall incidence, severity and duration of diarrhoea, and clinical symptoms of mucositis were decreased in irinotecan-treated animals that had received SBI. Animals receiving 500 mg/kg SBI also tended to lose less bodyweight than animals treated only with irinotecan (P > 0.10). SBI-gavaged animals had less pronounced irinotecan-induced changes in neutrophil (P = 0.04959) and lymphocyte (P = 0.0035) levels, and lower tissue damage scores than those receiving irinotecan alone (P < 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS:

Twice daily oral gavage of SBI was well-tolerated and reduced the incidence, severity and duration of irinotecan-induced mucositis. SBI was associated with less pronounced changes in inflammatory cell levels and tissue damage to colon and jejunum. Ongoing experiments aim to investigate the mechanisms of SBI-associated gastrointestinal protection.

• Authors: Emma Bateman, Eric Weaver, Gerald Klein, Anthony Wignall, Belinda Wozniak, Erin Plews, Bronwen Mayo, Imogen White, Dorothy Keefe
• Journal: Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (Support Care Cancer) Vol. 24 Issue 1 Pg. 377-385 (Jan 2016) ISSN: 1433-7339 [Electronic] Germany
• PMID: 26081596 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Anti-Inflammatory Agents
• Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
• Blood Proteins
• Immunoglobulins
• Irinotecan
• Camptothecin

Topics

• Administration, Oral
• Animals
• Anti-Inflammatory Agents (administration & dosage, pharmacology)
• Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic (administration & dosage, toxicity)
• Blood Proteins (administration & dosage, pharmacology)
• Body Weight (drug effects)
• Camptothecin (administration & dosage, analogs & derivatives, toxicity)
• Cattle
• Colitis (chemically induced, prevention & control)
• Diarrhea (chemically induced)
• Enteritis (chemically induced, prevention & control)
• Female
• Immunoglobulins (administration & dosage, pharmacology)
• Injections, Intraperitoneal
• Irinotecan
• Jejunal Diseases (chemically induced, prevention & control)
• Mucositis (chemically induced, prevention & control)
• Random Allocation
• Rats