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Allicin Alleviates Dextran Sodium Sulfate- (DSS-) Induced Ulcerative Colitis in BALB/c Mice.

Abstract
The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of allicin (10 mg/kg body weight, orally) in an experimental murine model of UC by administering 2.5% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in drinking water to BALB/c mice. DSS-induced mice presented reduced body weight, which was improved by allicin administration. We noted increases in CD68 expression, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities, and Malonaldehyde (MDA) and mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α, interleukin- (IL-) 1β, IL-6, and IL-17, and decrease in the activities of enzymic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione reductase (GR), and Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in DSS-induced mice. However, allicin treatment significantly decreased CD68, MPO, MDA, and proinflammatory cytokines and increased the enzymic antioxidants significantly (P < 0.05). In addition, allicin was capable of reducing the activation and nuclear accumulation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), thereby preventing degradation of the inhibitory protein IκB and inducing inhibition of the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB-p65 in the colonic mucosa. These findings suggest that allicin exerts clinically useful anti-inflammatory effects mediated through the suppression of the NF-κB and IL-6/p-STAT3(Y705) pathways.
AuthorsAshok Kumar Pandurangan, Salmiah Ismail, Zeinab Saadatdoust, Norhaizan Mohd Esa
JournalOxidative medicine and cellular longevity (Oxid Med Cell Longev) Vol. 2015 Pg. 605208 ( 2015) ISSN: 1942-0994 [Electronic] United States
PMID26075036 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
Chemical References
  • Antigens, CD
  • Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic
  • Antioxidants
  • CD68 antigen, human
  • Cytokines
  • Disulfides
  • NF-kappa B
  • RNA, Messenger
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor
  • Stat3 protein, mouse
  • Sulfinic Acids
  • allicin
  • Malondialdehyde
  • Dextran Sulfate
  • Peroxidase
Topics
  • Animals
  • Antigens, CD (metabolism)
  • Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic (metabolism)
  • Antioxidants (metabolism)
  • Colitis, Ulcerative (chemically induced, drug therapy, metabolism)
  • Colon (drug effects, enzymology, metabolism)
  • Cytokines (genetics, metabolism)
  • Dextran Sulfate (toxicity)
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Disulfides
  • Malondialdehyde (metabolism)
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Microscopy, Confocal
  • NF-kappa B (metabolism)
  • Peroxidase (metabolism)
  • RNA, Messenger (metabolism)
  • Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor (metabolism)
  • Sulfinic Acids (pharmacology, therapeutic use)

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