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HoBi-like pestivirus experimental infection in pregnant ewes: Reproductive disorders and generation of persistently infected lambs.

Abstract
In order to evaluate sheep as experimental model to test the efficacy of HoBi-like pestivirus vaccines for cattle, 10 sheep at different stages of pregnancy (30 or 50 days) were experimentally infected with the Italian prototype isolate Italy-1/10-1. Irrespective of the stage of pregnancy, virus inoculation resulted in reproductive failures, consisting of abortion, stillbirths or birth of weak or persistently infected (PI) lambs. Aborted fetuses, stillborn and dead lambs displayed extensive histopathological changes, consisting of hemorrhages, congestion and mononuclear infiltration in major organs. Pestiviral antigens were detected by immunohistochemistry in most tissues with remarkable signals in lungs and kidneys. PI lambs were constantly viremic, shed the virus through the nasal secretions and feces and, in all cases but one, did not have detectable HoBi-like pestivirus antibodies before the assumption of colostrum. The single seropositive infected lamb showed low-titer viremia and viral shedding that ceased only several weeks after the 3-month observation period. The study proves that sheep are susceptible to the reproduction failures caused by HoBi-like pestivirus infection and can serve as a suitable model for the evaluation of the fetal protection induced by homologous experimental vaccines.
AuthorsNicola Decaro, Michele Losurdo, Vittorio Larocca, Maria Stella Lucente, Viviana Mari, Katia Varello, Giovanni Patruno, Michele Camero, Marina Sciarra, Leonardo Occhiogrosso, Maria Tempesta, Barbara Iulini, Canio Buonavoglia
JournalVeterinary microbiology (Vet Microbiol) Vol. 178 Issue 3-4 Pg. 173-80 (Aug 05 2015) ISSN: 1873-2542 [Electronic] Netherlands
PMID26013415 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
CopyrightCopyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Chemical References
  • Viral Vaccines
Topics
  • Aborted Fetus
  • Animals
  • Cattle
  • Cattle Diseases (prevention & control)
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Female
  • Pestivirus (immunology)
  • Pestivirus Infections (prevention & control, veterinary)
  • Pregnancy
  • Reproduction
  • Sheep
  • Vaccination (veterinary)
  • Viral Vaccines (immunology)
  • Viremia (veterinary)
  • Virus Shedding

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