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Aluminium-phthalocyanine chloride nanoemulsions for anticancer photodynamic therapy: Development and in vitro activity against monolayers and spheroids of human mammary adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells.

AbstractBACKGROUND:
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) combines light, molecular oxygen and a photosensitizer to induce oxidative stress in target cells. Certain hydrophobic photosensitizers, such as aluminium-phthalocyanine chloride (AlPc), have significant potential for antitumor PDT applications. However, hydrophobic molecules often require drug-delivery systems, such as nanostructures, to improve their pharmacokinetic properties and to prevent aggregation, which has a quenching effect on the photoemission properties in aqueous media. As a result, this work aims to develop and test the efficacy of an AlPc in the form of a nanoemulsion to enable its use in anticancer PDT.
RESULTS:
The nanoemulsion was developed using castor oil and Cremophor ELP®, and a monodisperse population of nanodroplets with a hydrodynamic diameter of approximately 25 nm was obtained. While free AlPc failed to show significant activity against human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells in an in vitro PDT assay, the AlPc in the nanoemulsion showed intense photodynamic activity. Photoactivated AlPc exhibited a 50 % cytotoxicity concentration (CC50) of 6.0 nM when applied to MCF-7 cell monolayers and exerted a powerful cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cell spheroids.
CONCLUSION:
Through the use of spontaneous emulsification, a stable AlPc nanoemulsion was developed that exhibits strong in vitro photodynamic activity on cancer cells.
AuthorsLuis Alexandre Muehlmann, Mosar Corrêa Rodrigues, João Paulo Figueiró Longo, Mônica Pereira Garcia, Karen Rapp Py-Daniel, Aline Bessa Veloso, Paulo Eduardo Narciso de Souza, Sebastião William da Silva, Ricardo Bentes Azevedo
JournalJournal of nanobiotechnology (J Nanobiotechnology) Vol. 13 Pg. 36 (May 13 2015) ISSN: 1477-3155 [Electronic] England
PMID25966866 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Colloids
  • Emulsions
  • Indoles
  • Isoindoles
  • Surface-Active Agents
  • Castor Oil
  • Aluminum
  • phthalocyanine
Topics
  • Aluminum (chemistry, pharmacology)
  • Antineoplastic Agents (chemistry, pharmacology)
  • Castor Oil (chemistry)
  • Colloids (chemistry)
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Emulsions (chemistry, pharmacology)
  • Humans
  • Indoles (chemistry, pharmacology)
  • Isoindoles
  • MCF-7 Cells (drug effects, pathology)
  • Nanostructures (chemistry)
  • Photochemotherapy (methods)
  • Spectrum Analysis, Raman
  • Surface-Active Agents (chemistry)

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