Biological drugs in ANCA-associated vasculitis.

Abstract

The anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) associated vasculitides granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) constitute a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations of systemic vasculitis which may range from limited disease to organ or life-threatening disease. The introduction of biologics for the management of severe ANCA-associated vasculitis and severe, relapsing disease refractory to conventional immunosuppressants, has significantly improved the clinical prognosis of these autoimmune disorders. Rituximab, an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody is licenced for remission induction in severe GPA and MPA and the management of severe relapsing, refractory GPA and MPA. Belimumab, an anti-B lymphocyte stimulatory monoclonal antibody is in clinical trials for the management of the ANCA-associated vasculitis GPA. Mepolizumab and Omalizumab are biologics which have been reported to be efficacious in refractory asthma associated with EGPA. The role of anti-TNF therapy and T cell targeting drugs in ANCA-associated vasculitis is less clear due to limited study data. This review will summarise the clinical trials and clinical practice use of biologic treatment strategies for the management of ANCA-associated vasculitis.

• Authors: Pamela M K Lutalo, David P D'Cruz
• Journal: International immunopharmacology (Int Immunopharmacol) Vol. 27 Issue 2 Pg. 209-12 (Aug 2015) ISSN: 1878-1705 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 25907243 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
• Biological Products
• Immunologic Factors
• Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
• Omalizumab
• Rituximab
• belimumab
• mepolizumab

Topics

• Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis (drug therapy)
• Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized (therapeutic use)
• Biological Products (therapeutic use)
• Humans
• Immunologic Factors (therapeutic use)
• Omalizumab (therapeutic use)
• Rituximab (therapeutic use)
• T-Lymphocytes (immunology)
• Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (antagonists & inhibitors)