Glucagon-like peptides 1 and 2: intestinal hormones implicated in the pathophysiology of mucositis.

Abstract

PURPOSE OF REVIEW:

Chemotherapy often causes adverse effects, including pain, bloating, diarrhea, and inflammation and ulceration of the mucous membranes lining the digestive tract, which are collectively referred to as mucositis. Unfortunately, no remedy has been found yet to manage these side-effects.

RECENT FINDINGS:

The intestinal glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) is secreted from the intestinal endocrine L cells after nutrient intake, but recent findings show that the peptide concentration in the plasma also rises after intestinal injury and that GLP-2 receptor activation is crucial for intestinal healing. The antidiabetic hormone GLP-1, cosecreted with GLP-2, diminished mucositis in an animal model of the condition. Therefore, both peptides could be involved in the pathophysiology of mucositis.

SUMMARY:

The intestinal GLPs have shown beneficial effects in experimental trials and have potential for therapeutic use. In type 2 diabetic and obese patients, GLP secretion is impaired. Elucidating the role of these endogenous hormones could lead to the identification of mucositis risk factors and an alternative preventive therapy for these patients.

• Authors: Hannelouise Kissow
• Journal: Current opinion in supportive and palliative care (Curr Opin Support Palliat Care) Vol. 9 Issue 2 Pg. 196-202 (Jun 2015) ISSN: 1751-4266 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 25872118 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)

Chemical References

• Antineoplastic Agents
• Glucagon-Like Peptide 2
• Glucagon-Like Peptide 1

Topics

• Animals
• Antineoplastic Agents (adverse effects)
• Disease Models, Animal
• Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (physiology, therapeutic use)
• Glucagon-Like Peptide 2 (physiology, therapeutic use)
• Humans
• Mucositis (chemically induced, drug therapy, physiopathology)
• Neoplasms (complications, drug therapy)