Abstract | BACKGROUND: METHODS: Height, weight, and physical activity were assessed using questionnaires in the Nurses' Health Study. AR, estrogen receptor (ER), and progesterone receptor (PR) status were determined using immunohistochemistry on tumor tissue and medical/pathology reports. RESULTS: A total of 1,701 AR(+) and 497 AR(-) cases were documented during 26 years of follow-up of 103,577 women. After adjusting for ER/PR status and other risk factors, the relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for every 5 kg/m(2) increase in body mass index (BMI) were 1.07 (1.01-1.13) for AR(+) and 1.16 (1.05-1.29) for AR(-) tumors (P-heterogeneity = 0.17). The RRs (95% CIs) per 5 hours of brisk walking/week were 0.87 (0.73-1.04) for AR(+) and 0.67 (0.45-0.99) for AR(-) tumors (P-heterogeneity = 0.22). Further, BMI, but not physical activity, associations differed significantly across ER/PR/AR subtypes (P-heterogeneity = 0.04 and 0.63, respectively). The RRs (95% CIs) for 5 kg/m(2) increase in BMI were 1.23 (1.04-1.45) for ER(+)PR(+)AR(-), 1.19 (1.01-1.39) for ER(-)PR(-)AR(-), 1.15 (1.08-1.23) for ER(+)PR(+)AR(+), and 0.88 (0.75-1.03) for ER(+)PR(-)AR(+) tumors. CONCLUSIONS: Higher BMI was associated with an increased risk of both AR(+) and AR(-) breast tumors in postmenopausal women, whereas physical activity, including brisk walking, was associated with a reduced risk of both subtypes. In addition, a significant positive association was observed between higher BMI and ER(-)PR(-)AR(-) tumors. IMPACT: The similar associations observed by AR status suggest that mechanisms other than androgen signaling underlie these two breast cancer risk factors.
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Authors | Xuehong Zhang, A Heather Eliassen, Rulla M Tamimi, Aditi Hazra, Andrew H Beck, Myles Brown, Laura C Collins, Bernard Rosner, Susan E Hankinson |
Journal | Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology
(Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev)
Vol. 24
Issue 6
Pg. 962-8
(Jun 2015)
ISSN: 1538-7755 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 25855627
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Copyright | ©2015 American Association for Cancer Research. |
Chemical References |
- AR protein, human
- Biomarkers, Tumor
- Receptors, Androgen
- Receptors, Estrogen
- Receptors, Progesterone
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Topics |
- Adult
- Age Factors
- Biomarkers, Tumor
(metabolism)
- Body Size
- Body Weight
- Breast Neoplasms
(etiology, metabolism, pathology)
- Exercise
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Middle Aged
- Motor Activity
- Neoplasm Staging
- Nursing Staff
- Obesity
(complications)
- Postmenopause
- Prognosis
- Receptors, Androgen
(metabolism)
- Receptors, Estrogen
(metabolism)
- Receptors, Progesterone
(metabolism)
- Risk Factors
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