Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (
COPD) is a chronic airway inflammatory disease characterized by incompletely reversible
airway obstruction. This clinically heterogeneous group of patients is characterized by different phenotypes. Spirometry and clinical parameters, such as severity of
dyspnea and exacerbation frequency, are used to diagnose and assess the severity of
COPD. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether
volatile organic compounds (VOCs) could be detected in the exhaled breath of patients with
COPD and whether these VOCs could distinguish
COPD patients from healthy subjects. Moreover, we aimed to investigate whether VOCs could be used as
biomarkers for classifying patients into different subgroups of the disease. Ion mobility spectrometry was used to detect VOCs in the exhaled breath of
COPD patients. One hundred and thirty-seven peaks were found to have a statistically significant difference between the
COPD group and the combined healthy smokers and nonsmoker group. Six of these VOCs were found to correctly discriminate
COPD patients from healthy controls with an accuracy of 70%. Only 15 peaks were found to be statistically different between healthy smokers and healthy nonsmokers. Furthermore, by determining the cutoff levels for each VOC peak, it was possible to classify the
COPD patients into breathprint subgroups. Forced expiratory volume in 1 second, body mass index, and
C-reactive protein seem to play a role in the discrepancies observed in the different breathprint subgroups.