Objective. CagA+/vacAs1+/vacAm1+ Helicobacter pylori upregulates the expression of
tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 1 (
TRAF1),
tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9 (4-1BB), and
B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL) in human gastric epithelial cells. We investigated the correlation between cagA/vacAs1/vacAm1 and
TRAF1/4-1BB/Bcl-xL expression in gastric mucosal tissue of patients with gastric disorders. Methods. We collected gastric mucosa samples from 35 chronic, nonatrophic
gastritis (CG) patients, 41
atrophic gastritis patients, 44 intestinal
metaplasia with atypical
hyperplasia (IM) patients, and 28 gastric
carcinoma (Ca) patients. The expression of TRAF1, 4-1BB, and Bcl-xL was determined using western blotting. The expression of cagA, vacAs1, and vacAm1 in H. pylori was examined with polymerase chain reaction. Results. The expression of
TRAF1, 4-1BB, and Bcl-xL was significantly upregulated in IM and Ca patients (P < 0.05 compared with CG). There were more cases of cagA+/vacAs1+/vacAm1+ H. pylori
infection in samples with elevated
TRAF1, 4-1BB, or Bcl-xL expression (P < 0.05). Additionally, there were a remarkably large number of samples with upregulated
TRAF1/4-1BB/Bcl-xL expression in cases of cagA+/vacAs1+/vacAm1+ H. pylori
infection (44 cases, 67.7%; P < 0.05). Conclusions. The pathogenesis of IM and Ca may be promoted by cagA+/vacAs1+/vacAm1+ H. pylori, possibly via upregulated
TRAF1, 4-1BB, and Bcl-xL in gastric mucosal tissue.