Tumor-specific mutations in low-frequency genes affect their functional properties.

Abstract

Causal genetic changes in oligodendrogliomas (OD) with 1p/19q co-deletion include mutations in IDH1, IDH2, CIC, FUBP1, TERT promoter and NOTCH1. However, it is generally assumed that more somatic mutations are required for tumorigenesis. This study aimed to establish whether genes mutated at low frequency can be involved in OD initiation and/or progression. We performed whole-genome sequencing on three anaplastic ODs with 1p/19q co-deletion. To estimate mutation frequency, we performed targeted resequencing on an additional 39 ODs. Whole-genome sequencing identified a total of 55 coding mutations (range 8-32 mutations per tumor), including known abnormalities in IDH1, IDH2, CIC and FUBP1. We also identified mutations in genes, most of which were previously not implicated in ODs. Targeted resequencing on 39 additional ODs confirmed that these genes are mutated at low frequency. Most of the mutations identified were predicted to have a deleterious functional effect. Functional analysis on a subset of these genes (e.g. NTN4 and MAGEH1) showed that the mutation affects the subcellular localization of the protein (n = 2/12). In addition, HOG cells stably expressing mutant GDI1 or XPO7 showed altered cell proliferation compared to those expressing wildtype constructs. Similarly, HOG cells expressing mutant SASH3 or GDI1 showed altered migration. The significantly higher rate of predicted deleterious mutations, the changes in subcellular localization and the effects on proliferation and/or migration indicate that many of these genes functionally may contribute to gliomagenesis and/or progression. These low-frequency genes and their affected pathways may provide new treatment targets for this tumor type.

• Authors: Lale Erdem-Eraslan, Daphne Heijsman, Maurice de Wit, Andreas Kremer, Andrea Sacchetti, Peter J van der Spek, Peter A E Sillevis Smitt, Pim J French
• Journal: Journal of neuro-oncology (J Neurooncol) Vol. 122 Issue 3 Pg. 461-70 (May 2015) ISSN: 1573-7373 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 25694352 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• GDP dissociation inhibitor 1
• Guanine Nucleotide Dissociation Inhibitors
• Karyopherins
• Neoplasm Proteins
• Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear
• Repressor Proteins
• ZBTB18 protein, human
• enhanced green fluorescent protein
• Green Fluorescent Proteins

Topics

• Brain Neoplasms (genetics, pathology)
• Cell Line, Tumor
• Cell Movement (genetics)
• Cell Proliferation (genetics)
• Female
• Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic (genetics)
• Genome-Wide Association Study
• Green Fluorescent Proteins (genetics, metabolism)
• Guanine Nucleotide Dissociation Inhibitors (genetics)
• HEK293 Cells
• Humans
• Karyopherins (genetics)
• Male
• Mutation (genetics)
• Neoplasm Proteins (genetics, metabolism)
• Oligodendroglioma (genetics, pathology)
• Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear (genetics)
• Repressor Proteins (genetics)
• Transfection
• Exportin 1 Protein