Neurofeedback is an increasingly recognized therapeutic option in various neuropsychiatric disorders to treat dysfunctions in cognitive control as well as disorder-specific symptoms. In this review we propose that
neurofeedback may also reflect a valuable therapeutic option to treat executive control functions in
Gilles-de-la-Tourette syndrome (GTS). Deficits in executive control functions when
ADHD symptoms appear in GTS likely reflect pathophysiological processes in cortico-thalamic-striatal circuits and may also underlie the motor symptoms in GTS. Such executive control deficits evident in comorbid GTS/
ADHD depend on neurophysiological processes well-known to be modifiable by
neurofeedback. However, so far efforts to use
neurofeedback to treat
cognitive dysfunctions are scarce. We outline why
neurofeedback should be considered a promising treatment option, what forms of
neurofeedback may prove to be most effective and how
neurofeedback may be implemented in existing intervention strategies to treat comorbid GTS/
ADHD and associated dysfunctions in cognitive control. As cognitive control deficits in GTS mostly appear in comorbid GTS/
ADHD,
neurofeedback may be most useful in this frequent combination of disorders.