Abstract | INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of the Nd:YAG laser, ultrasound, the ProTaper Universal system ( Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), and the CanalBrush (Coltene Whaledent, Langenau, Germany) methods for the removal of the smear layer from the apical third of root canals. METHODS: Fifty distal root canals from extracted human mandibular first molars were instrumented up to ProTaper Universal F5 and divided randomly into 5 groups (n = 10) according to the following final irrigation agitation techniques: no agitation (control), ProTaper Universal file, ultrasound, CanalBrush, and Nd:YAG laser. Specimens were observed under a scanning electron microscope. The presence of the smear layer was evaluated using a 3-grade scoring system. The data were analyzed with Cohen kappa, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney U tests. A level of significance of .05 was adopted. RESULTS: The ultrasound group performed significantly better than the rest of the groups; 56.6% of the specimens revealed no smear layer, 44.4% showed the presence of a moderate smear layer, and no heavy smear layers were observed. In the Nd:YAG laser group, 30% of the specimens presented with no smear layer, 70% showed the presence of a moderate smear layer, and no heavy smear layers were observed. In contrast, a heavy smear layer was observed on the surfaces of the root canals in the CanalBrush (23.4%), ProTaper Universal (13.4%), and control (86.6%) groups. Statistically significant differences were observed (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: None of the agitation methods completely removed the smear layer. However, the ultrasound method performed significantly better followed by the Nd:YAG laser, the CanalBrush, and the ProTaper Universal system. Agitation of the irrigant improved smear layer removal in the apical third of the canal.
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Authors | Grasiele Assis da Costa Lima, Carlos Menezes Aguiar, Andréa Cruz Câmara, Luiz Carlos Alves, Fábio André Brayner Dos Santos, Aline Elesbão do Nascimento |
Journal | Journal of endodontics
(J Endod)
Vol. 41
Issue 3
Pg. 400-4
(Mar 2015)
ISSN: 1878-3554 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 25600669
(Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Copyright | Copyright © 2015 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
Topics |
- Adolescent
- Humans
- Lasers, Solid-State
- Root Canal Preparation
(methods)
- Smear Layer
(diagnostic imaging, pathology)
- Tooth
(diagnostic imaging, ultrastructure)
- Toothbrushing
- Ultrasonics
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