Non-invasive localization of certain brain functions may be mapped on a millimeter level. However, the inter-
electrode spacing of common clinical brain surface
electrodes still remains around 10 mm, and some
electrodes fail to measure cortical activity due to unconformable plain
electrode sheets. Here, we present details on development of
implantable electrodes for attaining higher quality electrocorticographic signals for use in functional brain mapping and
brain-machine interfaces. We produced personalized sheet
electrodes after the creation of individualized molds using a 3D-printer. We created arrays to fit the surface curvature of the brain and inside the central sulcus, with inter-
electrode distances of 2.5 mm. Rat experiments undertaken indicated no long term toxicity. We were also able to custom design, rapidly manufacture, safely implant and confirm the efficacy of personalized
electrodes, including the capability to attain meaningful high gamma-band information in an
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patient. This sheet
electrode may contribute to the higher performance of BMI's.