[A paradox: sarcoidosis in an HIV-positive patient].

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

In view of the diminished number of CD4+ lymphocytes, the co-existence of an HIV infection and sarcoidosis seems paradoxical. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) may be observed in response to anti-retroviral therapy (ART). According to the conventional definition, this is caused by an overwhelming immune response to an already present or to a new agent.

CASE DESCRIPTION:

We describe the case of a 47-year-old HIV-positive patient, who presented with an exacerbation of his sarcoidosis nine months after initiation of ART. Based on the time course and the dynamics of the CD4+ lymphocyte count, this presentation of disease can be placed in the context of IRIS.

CONCLUSION:

The presentation or exacerbation of sarcoidosis after initiation of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-positive patients with a low CD4+ count at start of therapy can be placed in the context of IRIS.

• Authors: Coen van Kan, Jan Peringa, Armin W Walter, P H J Jos Frissen, Paul Bresser
• Journal: Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde (Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd) Vol. 159 Pg. A8353 ( 2015) ISSN: 1876-8784 [Electronic] Netherlands
• Vernacular Title: Een paradox: sarcoïdose bij een hiv-positieve patiënt.
• PMID: 25563785 (Publication Type: Case Reports, Journal Article)

Topics

• Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
• CD4 Lymphocyte Count
• HIV Infections (epidemiology, immunology)
• Humans
• Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (epidemiology)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Sarcoidosis (epidemiology, immunology)